Mandibular and Maxillary spaces Flashcards
Primary fascial spaces
Become involved/infected directly from odontogenic sources
**Maxillary **
- Canine space
- Buccal space
- Infratemporal space*
**Mandibular **
- Buccal space
- Submental space
- Submandibular space
- Sublingual space
Secondary Fascial Space
Become involved/infected directly from primary fascial spaces (only infected after something has coursed its way through a primary space)
Superficial and deep temporal spaces
Masticator region
- EXCEPT infratemporal space - considered a primary fascial space
- (Sub) Masseteric space
- Pterygomandibular space (pterygoid)
Canine (Infraorbital) Space Borders
A maxillary primary space
Superior - infraorbital margin
Inferior - oral mucosa
Anterior - levator labii superioris and levator anguli oris muscles
Posterior - anterior surface of the maxilla
**Canine Space Contents **
1. Muscles of facial expression
2. Facial artery and vein
3. Infraorbital NAV (nerve, artery, vein)
4. Branches of facial nerve
Buccal Space Borders
A maxillary and mandibular primary space
Superior - maxilla, zygomatic arch
Inferior - mandible and superficial fascia
Lateral - superficial fascia and skin of cheek
Medial - buccinator muscle
Anterior - muscles of the lips
Posterior - parotid gland and pterygomandibular raphe
Buccal Space contents
1. Muscles of facial expression
2. Branches of facial artery and vein
3. Mental NAV
4. Branches of facial nerve
5. Buccal fat pad
Submental Space Borders
A mandibular primary space
Superior - mylohyoid muscle
**Inferior **- superficial fascia with platysma
Lateral - anterior bellies of digastric muscles
Anterior - mental symphysis
Posterior - hyoid bone
Submental Space Contents
1. Anterior jugular vein
Submandibular Space Borders
A mandibular primary space
Superior - mylohyoid line of the mandible and mylohyoid muscle. Above mylohyoid line is mylohyoid muscle, below line is submandibular space
Inferior - hyoid bone
Lateral - superficial fascia and the body of the mandible
Medial - mylohyoid muscle
Submandibular Space Contents
1. Submandibular gland
2. Hypoglossal nerve
3. Nerve to the mylohyoid
4. Facial artery
Submandibular Space Source of Infection
Mandibular molars with roots BELOW the mylohyoid line
Sublingual Space Borders
A mandibular primary space
Lateral - body of the mandible
Medial - base of tongue
Inferior - mylohyoid muscle
Superior - mucosa of the floor of the mouth
Sublingual Space Contents
1. Sublingual gland
2. Submandibular gland and duct
3. Lingual nerve and submandibular ganglion
4. Lingual artery and branches
5. Hypoglossal nerve
Sublingual Space Source of Infection
Mandibular molars and premolars with roots ABOVE the mylohyoid line
Superficial and Deep Temporal Space
Secondary spaces on either side of the temporalis muscle!
Superficial temporal space = between the temporal fascia and temporalis muscle
Deep temporal space = between the temporalis muscle and the lateral surface of the skull
Superficial and Deep Temporal Space Source of Infection
Mandibular 3rd molars
Masticator Region Spaces
Space that lies on either side of the mandibular ramus
Subdivisions:
- Infratemporal space
- Masseteric (submasseteric) space
- Pterygomandibular space
Infratemporal Space Borders
Infratemporal Space
In Masseteric Region but A PRIMARY facial space
The medial continuation of the deep temporal space superior to the lateral pterygoid muscle and inferior to the sphenoid bone
Anterior - maxilla
Posterior - parotid gland
**Medial **- lateral pterygoid plate
Lateral - temporalis muscle
**Superior **- sphenoid bone
Inferior - lateral pterygoid muscles
Infratemporal Space Source of Infection
Mandibular 3rd molars
Masseteric Space Borders
Masseteric Space
A secondary space
A space located between the masseter muscle and lateral surface of the ramus of the mandible
An area of the insertion of the masseter muscle that is less dense, allowing detachment of the periosteum from the bone
Anterior - buccal fascia
**Posterior **- parotid gland
Medial - mandible
**Lateral **- masseter muscle
**Superior **- lateral pterygoid muscle
Inferior - mandible
*
Masseteric Space Source of Infection*
Mandibular 3rd molars
Pterygomandibular Space
*
A secondary space
Inferior alveolar nerve blocks require knowledge of this space!
Space contains significant structures that are targets for anesthetic injections
Pterygomandibular Space Borders
Medial - medial pterygoid muscle
Lateral - mandible
Superior - lateral pterygoid muscle
Inferior - mandible and medial pterygoid muscle
Anterior - buccinator
Posterior - parotid fascia and mandible
Pterygomandibular Space Contents
1. Inferior alveolar nerve
- Lingual nerve
- Nerve to mylohyoid
Pterygomandibular Space Source of Infection
Mandibular 3rd molars
