managing people 1.4

Question 1

labour turnover

Answer 1

the number of staff leaving a company as a percentage of the number employed

Question 2

outsourcing

Answer 2

delegation of a business process to an external provider

Question 3

redeployment

Answer 3

retraining a staff member to give the skills required for a new job role

Question 4

flexible working?

Answer 4

giving employees options in terms of duration, location and pattern of working

Question 5

examples of flexible working

Answer 5

• part time
• home working
• job sharing
• multiskilling
• outsourcing

Question 6

advantages of flexible working

Answer 6

• respond effectively to change and demand
• decrease costs
• better customer service
• attracts more applicants for the job

Question 7

drawbacks to flexible working

Answer 7

• more complex to manage
• investment e.g. technology
• impact on motivation (isolation)

Question 8

hot desk

Answer 8

temporary desk for when home workers come in

Question 9

redundancy

Answer 9

when the job role is no longer needed so the person loses their job

Question 10

subcontracting

Answer 10

another business used to supply some operations

Question 11

trade union

Answer 11

• organisation where employees gain greater power and security at work (for working conditions)

Question 12

job description

Answer 12

states roles and responsibilities

Question 13

person specification

Answer 13

abilities, qualifications and qualities

Question 14

advantages of internal recruitment

Answer 14

• quick and cheap
• avoids induction training costs
• familiar with candidate

Question 15

disadvantages of internal recruitment

Answer 15

• creates vacancy elsewhere
• may not have the skills required
• no new ideas

Question 16

advantages of external recruitment

Answer 16

• new ideas/experience

- wider range of candidates to choose from

Question 17

disadvantages of external recruitment

Answer 17

• expensive and time consuming

- demotivates internal employees

Question 18

methods of recruitment

Answer 18

• media
• job centres
• firms website
• executive search consultants

Question 19

benefits of training

Answer 19

• increases skill and productivity of workforce
• can also increase flexibility
• motivated workforce

Question 20

costs of training

Answer 20

• expensive
• productivity may drop in the process
• newly trained employees may leave

Question 21

on the job training advantages

Answer 21

• tailored to companies methods of working

- saves time

Question 22

span of control

Answer 22

the number of people directly managed by one person

Question 23

chain of command

Answer 23

the route through which information travels through the organisation

Question 24

centralisation features

Answer 24

• decisions made at the top

- less freedom for employees

Question 25

decentralisation features

Answer 25

• decisions made closer to customers
• giving local managers more responsibility
• staff will feel motivated

Question 26

advantages of a matrix structure

Answer 26

• teamwork rather than competition
• enriches the experience - learning from others
• speed is vital for competitive advantage

Question 27

why is organisational structure important?

Answer 27

• poor communication - mistakes
• tasks being overlooked
• departments failing to work together

Question 28

delayering

Answer 28

removing a management layer from the organisational structure

Question 29

what is the matrix structure?

Answer 29

staff work in project teams

Question 30

Taylor’s theory?

Answer 30

• money is the key to motivation
• staff as cost
• broke down tasks (division of labour) for specialisation - efficiency and high productivity (piece rate)

Question 31

Mayo’s theory?

Answer 31

• gave workers control over the working environment conditions
• greater communication between employees and the managers

Question 32

Maslow’s theory?

Answer 32

• hierarchy of needs starting off with physical and safety needs and ending with challenging tasks
• once you fulfil one level you move onto the next

Question 33

Herzberg’s two factor theory?

Answer 33

• factors affecting job satisfaction and dissatisfaction
• motivators e.g. achievement + responsibility
• hygiene factors (dissatisfaction) over supervision and poor working conditions

Question 34

piecework?

Answer 34

• payment dependent on output produced

Question 35

commission?

Answer 35

• sales targets met = bonus pay

Question 36

empowerment?

Answer 36

modern term for delegation - worker gets to decide what the task will be

Question 37

delegation

Answer 37

passing down of authority - motivating the junior employee

Question 38

consultation

Answer 38

asking for the views of the staff you manage before making a decision

Question 39

team working

Answer 39

maximise staff satisfaction

kaizen (continuous improvement)

Question 40

flexitime

Answer 40

giving staff flexibility over their arrival and leaving as long as their minimum number of hours are reached

Question 41

job enlargement

Answer 41

• increases the scope of a job e.g.
  
  • job rotation
  • job enrichment

Question 42

quality circles

Answer 42

discussion groups for finding a solution to an operational problem

Question 43

remuneration

Answer 43

all the financial rewards received by an employee

Question 44

autocratic managers

Answer 44

tell employees what to do

do not want feedback

Question 45

democratic managers

Answer 45

involve and listen to workers thoughts for a decision

often through delegation

Question 46

factors affecting leadership style

Answer 46

personality
time constraint
skills of workforce and job