Managing Coastlines Flashcards
What are the 2 core aims of coastal management?
Provide defence against and mitigate the impacts of coastal erosion.
Provide protection against, and mitigate the impacts of coastal erosion.
What are the three other aims of coastal management?
Stabilisé sand dune areas
Stabilise beaches by longshore drift
Protect fragile estuarine landscapes
What is hard engineering?
This is making a physical change to the coastal landscape using resistant materials like concrete, boulders and wood.
What is soft engineering?
Using natural systems for coastal defence such a as beaches, dunes and salt marshes which can absorb and adjust to wave and tide energy.
Hard or soft: Sea walls
Hard
Hard or soft: beach nourishment
Soft
Hard or soft: rip rap
Hard
Hard or soft: gabions
Hard
Hard or soft: dune regeneration
Soft
Hard or soft: revetments
Hard
Hard or soft: managed retreat
Soft
Hard or soft: groynes
Hard
Hard or soft: land-use management
Soft
Hard or soft: cliff fixing
Hard
Hard or soft: offshore reefs
Hard
Hard or soft: barrages
Hard
Hard or soft: do nothing
Soft
What do sea walls do?
They dissipate wave energy
What are sea walls?
These are recurred structures that will throw waves back onto other waves which reduces the following waves impact.
Give an advantage of sea walls.
They protect the coast
How much can a sea wall cost?
It can cost over £5,000/m
List 3 disadvantages of sea walls.
Expensive
Ugly
Must have continuous facing so the gaps can’t be exploited by hydraulic action.
What is rip rap?
These are large boulders.
Where is rip rap placed?
In front of a cliff or sea wall to dissipate wave energy.