Managers, leadership and decision making - 2

Question 1

What is the role of a manager?

Answer 1

• Plan
• Direct
• Organise
• Take control

Question 2

Tannebaum Schmidt Continuum model

Answer 2

• Tells
• Sells
• Suggests
• Consults
• Joins
• Delegates
• Abdicates

Question 3

Tells

Answer 3

Leader makes a decision and expects the team to follow, team has little to no involvement in decision making. Often used with inexperienced team members

Question 4

Sells

Answer 4

Leader makes a decision and the team still cannot change this decision although they can ask questions

Question 5

Suggests

Answer 5

After the leader makes the decision, they ask if there are any questions so the team feels included and so they don’t think the decision is forced on them

Question 6

Consults

Answer 6

Leader proposes the decision and invites input from the team and the team does have the ability to influence the final outcome

Question 7

Joins

Answer 7

The leader asks the team for suggestions and the team is allowed to influence the output, this style is normally used with a more experienced team

Question 8

Delegates

Answer 8

Leader outlines the problem and allows the team to find solutions and make a final decision, although the leader can set limits as to what they can do

Question 9

Abdicates

Answer 9

Team outlines the problem, finds a solution and makes a final decision, although they are still working under certain limits

Question 10

Blake mouton managerial grid model

Answer 10

Examines management styles in terms of concerns for production and concern for people

Question 11

Country club leadership

Answer 11

High concerns for the needs and feelings of people but there is a low concern for the task itself - there is a lack of control and supervision

Question 12

Produce or perish leadership

Answer 12

High concern on the task with a low concern for people - it is authoritarian and means getting the job done despite the people

Question 13

Impoverished leadership

Answer 13

Low concern for the task and the people - the job doesn’t get done and both the people and the task are neglected

Question 14

Team leadership

Answer 14

High focus on the task and the people - employees are involved in the task and want to get it done

Question 15

Effectiveness on different styles of leadership and management

Answer 15

There is multiple different styles of effectiveness and they all can effect the business in different ways. To be effective, the business has to make sure they have sufficient resources, good training for their employees and have to carefully recruit employees to make sure they are the correct person for the job

Question 16

What is scientific decision making?

Answer 16

When a manager gathers data and analyses it before making a decision, it involves recognising if there is any problems and setting objectives for what you want to achieve

Question 17

Disadvantages of scientific decision making

Answer 17

• Data may be too expensive to collect
• Takes a lot of time

Question 18

Decision making : Risks, rewards and uncertainty

Answer 18

Decisions will have some sort of risk, to make a decision there may be uncertainty because there is a lack of knowledge and outcomes are unpredictable. Although, the decision may have a reward in the end.

Question 19

What is a decision tree?

Answer 19

A model of a decision to be made that includes the probabilities and impacts of future events

Question 20

What are the influences on decision making?

Answer 20

• Mission and objectives
• Ethics
• Risk involved
• External environment
• Resource constraints

Question 21

Mission and objectives

Answer 21

Whether a decision is ‘right’ will depend on what it does to help a business. For example, a hotel chain may have to invest in training their staff to improve its ratings for customer service

Question 22

Ethics

Answer 22

The principles of right and wrong that guide an individual in making decisions

Question 23

Risk involved

Answer 23

If there is a high-risk decision, steps will need to be taken to ensure they reduce the impact of the risk by gathering data

Question 24

External environment

Answer 24

(competition, interest rates, consumer’s income), if there is a change in the external environment, this may cause a business to cancel or change their decisions,

Question 25

Resource constraints

Answer 25

Have to make decisions based on the available resources (time, labour, materials)

Question 26

What is a stakeholder?

Answer 26

Party which has an interest in the company and can either affect or be affected by the business.

Question 27

Who are stakeholders?

Answer 27

• Investors
• Employees
• Customers
• Suppliers

Question 28

What is the role of stakeholders?

Answer 28

• Set goals
• Guide choices
• Provide necessary resources
• Ensure responsible practices
• Support finance

Question 29

What is stakeholder mapping?

Answer 29

A 4 square grid with the titles
- Keep satisfied
- Manage closely
- Keep informed
- Monitor
Along the bottom is level of interest with high to low and along the side is level of influence with high to low. Stakeholders are then placed along this grid to see who they need to keep informed, satisfied etc.