Managers as Leaders Flashcards
Define: Leader
Someone who can influence others and who has managerial authority
Define: Leadership
What leaders do; the process of influencing a group to achieve goals
Traits associated with leadership
Drive Desire to lead Honesty and integrity Self-confidence Intelligence Job-relevant knowledge Extraversion.
University of Iowa Studies (Kurt Lewin)
Identified three leadership styles:
Autocratic style: centralized authority, low participation
Democratic style: involvement, high participation, feedback
Laissez faire style: hands-off management
Ohio State Studies
Identified two dimensions of leader behavior:
Initiating structure: the role of the leader in defining his or her role and the roles of group members.
Consideration: the leader’s mutual trust and respect for group members’ ideas and feelings.
University of Michigan studies
Identified two dimensions of leader behavior:
Employee oriented: emphasizing personal relationships
Production oriented: emphasizing task accomplishment
Define: Managerial Grid
Appraises leadership styles using two dimensions:
Concern for people
Concern for production
Five categories of managerial styles
Impoverished management Task management Middle-of-the-road management Country club management Team management
Fiedler Model
Proposes that effective group performance depends upon the proper match between the leader’s style of interacting with followers and the degree to which the situation allows the leader to control and influence.
- High score
- Relationship oriented
Low Score
-Task oriented
Situational Factors in matching leader to the situation
Leader-member relations
-Confidence, trust, and respect employees had for their leader
Task structure
-Which job assignments were formalized and structured
Position power
-Influence a leader had over activities such as hiring, firing, promotions etc.
Hersey and Blanchard Situational Leadership theory
Leaderships effectiveness is contingent upon followers acceptance and readiness
Hersey and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Theory - Four specific leadership dimensions
Telling: high task-low relationship leadership
Selling: high task-high relationship leadership
Participating: low task-high relationship leadership
Delegating: low task-low relationship
Hersey and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Theory - Four stages of follower readiness
R1: followers are unable and unwilling
R2: followers are unable but willing
R3: followers are able but unwilling
R4: followers are able and willing
Path-Goal Model
States that the leader’s job is to assist his or her followers in attaining their goals and to provide direction or support to ensure their goals are compatible with organizational goals.
Path-Goal Model- Types of leadership styles
Directive leader
Supportive leader
Participative leader
Achievement oriented leader
Define: Transactional Leadership
Leaders who guide or motivate their followers in the direction of established goals by clarifying role and task requirements
Transformational Leadership
Leaders who inspire followers to transcend their own self-interests for the good of the organization by clarifying role and task requirements
Charismatic Leadership
An enthusiastic, self-confident leader whose personality and actions influence people to behave in certain ways.
Define: Charismatic Leadership
An enthusiastic, self-confident leader whose personality and actions influence people to behave in certain ways.
Define: Visionary Leadership
A leader who creates and articulates a realistic, credible, and attractive vision of the future that improves upon the present situation.
Types of Power
Legitimate power
The power a leader has as a result of his or her position.
Coercive power
The power a leader has to punish or control.
Reward power
The power to give positive benefits or rewards.
Expert power
The influence a leader can exert as a result of his or her expertise, skills, or knowledge.
Referent power
The power of a leader that arise because of a person’s desirable resources or admired personal traits.
