Management of the Natural Environment & Landscape Flashcards
What are the statutory land designations in the UK?
(7)
- National Parks
- Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty - AONB
- Site of Special Scientific Interest - SSSI
- Special Areas of Conservation - SAC
- Special Protected Areas - SPA
- National Nature Reserves - NNR
- Registered Parks & Gardens
What are the different grades of listed buildings?
(3)
Grade I - Exceptional interest = 2.5%
Grade II - Particularly important = 5.8%
Grade II - Special interest
Decided by The Sectretary of State for Culture, Media & Sport
Found on Historic England
Countryside Stewardship
vs
Sustainable Farming Incentive
Can apply for both on same piece of land so long as the options arent double counted - check SFI handbook for claification
SFI Options
CIPM2 - 6m Wildflower Margins = £798/ha
CHRW2 - Manage Hedgerows = £13 / 100m
SAC
vs
SPA
SAC = Marine and terrestrial habitats as per EU directive
SPA = Rare and vulnerable migratory bird species as per EU directive
Both regulated by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC)
Who is the regulatory authority for SSSI & NNR?
Natural England
What are some non-statutory land designations?
County Wildlife Site - CWL
Local Wildlife Site - LWS
Registered Common Land
When is the bird nesting season?
February - August
What Act governs statutory land designations?
The Wildlife & Countryside Act 1981
What was included in the wildflower seed mix?
Oxeye Daisy
Yellow Rattle
Birdsfoot Trefoil
Yarrow
Vipers Buglos
@£140/kg
What was the best wildflower establishment technique?
- Grass mown very short and mowings /trash removed
- Removal of any invasive weeds such as thistles, nettles , dandelions
- When ground is weed free and low mown it will need scarifying to allow about 50% bare ground to reduce competition from existing grass
- Ideally this will need rolling and then a period of time to settle before sowing
What is a reservoir?
A body of water that holds over 25,000 cubic meters of water, or has the potential to, above ground level
What legislation governs reservoirs?
The Reservoirs Act 1975
What are landowner obligations under the Reservoirs Act 1975
Must register with the EA if not already
Appoint a panel engineer
Prepare a flood plan and flood map
Supervising Engineers Annual Statement
S.10 Report - complete any remedials
SFI Options
CHRW2 - Manage Hedgrows - £13/100m - 3 years - must cut incrimentally on rotation, coppice or lay
CIPM2 - Flower-rich margins - £798/ha - 3 years - must establish no less than 10 species of wildflowers and must not cut or graze
AHW3 - Beetle banks - £764/ha - 3 years - static option, must be done in same year as application
Evidence required
SFI vs CS
SFI - more flexible and simple, typically 3 year term, paid quarterly
CS - more rigid and complicated, 5-10 year term, paid annually
What are some restrictions of a NNR?
Hunting / trapping
Lighting fires
Development
What is a Grade II star Listed Parkland?
signifies a park or garden of “particularly important” and “more than special” historic interest
What are the restrictions of a Grade II Listed Parkland?
No planning without prior consent - local planning authoritys must consult Historic England if development impacts
No works that would affect the character
Protection of boundary features
How much do the bioacoustic devices cost?
£150 / device
£1,000 / year for software
How do wildflowers improve biodiversity?
Wildflowers improve biodiversity by providing essential resources like food and shelter for various species, particularly pollinators, which in turn support other animals and the ecosystem as a whole. They also contribute to soil health.
Wildflowers provide bees, butterflies and other pollinators with food throughout the year. On a single day in summer, one acre of wildflower meadow can contain 3 million flowers, producing 1 kg of nectar sugar. That’s enough to support nearly 96,000 honey bees per day
