Management of Patients with Infectious Disease

Question 1

Healthcare associated infections

Answer 1

• central line associated bloodstream infections
• catheter associated UTIs
• ventilator associated pneumonia

Question 2

Common infectious organisms

Answer 2

MRSA
C. diff
vanco resistant enterococci
carbapenem resistant enterobacteria
multi drug resistant gram negative rods

Question 3

what is healthcare-associated pneumonia

Answer 3

pneumonia that develops 48+ hours after admission

Question 4

what is the most common HAI?

Answer 4

pneumonia

Question 5

what causes hospital associated pneumonia?

Answer 5

usually bacterial

inhaling organisms, aspirating secretions, or contaminated respiratory equipment

Question 6

how can hospital associated pneumonia be prevented?

Answer 6

hand washing and standard precautions
turn cough deep breathe
incentive spirometry
early ambulation
hydration and oral care
aspiration risk assessment

Question 7

CLABSI prevention

Answer 7

hand hygiene
avoid femoral vein if possible
maximum sterile barrier - mask, head covering, sterile gown, sterile gloves
anyone in the room wears mask and head covering
chlorhexidine skin preparation

Question 8

BSI prevention after insertion

Answer 8

hand hygiene and gloves always
scrub the hub >15 seconds
assess site
don’t get site wet

Question 9

appropriate recommendations for urinary catheter use

Answer 9

• urinary retention or outlet obstruction
• accurate UOP measurement for critically ill patients
• perioperative for surgeries of GU tract, long duration surgeries, surgeries with large volume of infusion
• assist with healing sacral or perineal wounds
• prolonged immobilization
• end of life care

Question 10

urinary catheter insertion considerations

Answer 10

• ensure catheter is indicated
• hand hygiene
• sterile technique
• smallest catheter possible

Question 11

foley maintenance

Answer 11

• regular foley and peri care
• ensure tubing not kinked
• drainage bag below level of bladder, off the floor
• maintain closed system
• empty bag regularly
• remove catheter asap

Question 12

for what infections will we use airborne precautions?

Answer 12

TB
Covid 19

Question 13

for what infections will we use droplet precautions?

Answer 13

Flu
Rubella
Mumps
Meningitis

Question 14

for what infections will we use contact precautions?

Answer 14

MDR-GNR
C. diff
MRSA
Ebola

Question 15

when is C. diff stool sample collected?

Answer 15

as soon as symptoms develop

Question 16

cleaning for C. diff

Answer 16

bleach wipes
soap and water hand washing, not hand sanitizer

Question 17

C. diff treatment

Answer 17

antibiotics
fecal transplant