Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Infections > Management of Common Infections > Flashcards

Management of Common Infections Flashcards

1
Q

What infection is in the nose?

A

Sinusitis - this is viral/bacterial infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the first line and second-line treatment for sinusitis?

A
  1. Phenoxymethylpenicillin
  2. Co-amoxiclav
  3. Doxycycline or Clarithromycin.
    For pregnancy - Erythromycin.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the treatment for oral (mouth) infections?

A
  1. Broad spec penicillins (like Co-amoxiclav, amoxicillin or Phenoxy)
  2. Cephalosporins: Cefalexin & Cefradine
  3. Metronidazole/Tinidazole (more for anaerobe and people allergic to penicillin)
  4. Macrolides - Clarithromycin/erythromycin (espc for patients allergic to pen)
  5. Doxycycline (for oral anaerobes)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is given for eye infections?

A

For conjunctivitis - chloramphenicol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the counselling points for Chloramphenicol?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two main ear infections?

A
  • Otitis externa
  • Otitis media
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the treatments for otitis externa?

A
  1. Flucloxacillin
  2. Clarithro/Azithro/Erythro
    (esp given to those with pen allergy)
  3. Ciprofloxacin/aminoglycoside (if they have pseudomonas infectiom)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the treatments for otitis media?

A
  1. Amoxicillin
  2. Co-amoxiclav (with worsening symptoms)
  3. Clarithro/Erythro (with pen allergy)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the three main types of Endocarditis? (a heart condition)

A
  1. Initial blind therapy
  2. Caused by staphylococci
  3. Caused by Streptococci
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the treatment for Initial blind therapy?

A
  1. Amoxicillin/ampicillin
  2. Add low does Gentamicin
  3. Low dose gentamicin + Vancomycin (if MRSA is suspected or severe sepsis or if pt is allergic to penicillin)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the treatment for Endocarditis caused by Staphylococci?

A
  • Flucloxacillin

If pen allergy or MRSA - Vancomycin + rifampicin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the treatment for Endocarditis caused by Streptococci?

A
  • Benzylpenicillin sodium

if pen allergy - Vancomycin + low dose gentamicin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the treatment for Septicaemia - a blood infection (for both community and hospital acquired)?

A
  1. Piperacillin with Tazobactam/ Ticarcillin with clavulanic acid / Cephalosporin (e.g. cefuroxime)
  2. Add vancomycin or teicoplanin (MRSA)
  3. Add metronidazole to cephalosporin (anaerobic infection)
  • If not anaerobic, use broad spec (Meropenem)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the different gastro-intestinal infections?

A
  1. Campylobacter enteritis
  2. Salmonella
  3. Shigellosis
  4. Typhoid
  5. Biliary infection
  6. Clostridium difficile
  7. Diverticulitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the treatments for Campylobacter enteritis?

A
  1. Clar / Azithro / Erythro
  2. Ciprofloxacin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the treatments for Samonella/Shigellosis/Typhoid/Biliary infection?

A
  1. Ciprofloxacin
  2. Azithromycin, Cefotaxime, gentamicin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the treatments for Clostridium difficile (C.difficle)?

A
  1. Vancomycin - 125mg 4 times daily for 10 days
  2. Fidaxomicin - 200mg twice daily

If not effective, seek specialist treatment:

  1. Vancomycin - 500mg 4 times daily (with or without metronidazole - 500mg intravenously 3 times a day for 10 days)

Within 12 weeks - Fidaxomicin 200mg BD

Over 12 weeks - Vancomycin 125mg QDS or Fidaxomicin 200mg BD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the treatments for Diverticulitis?

A
  1. Co-amoxiclav
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the different genital infections

A
  • Bacterial vaginosis
  • Chlamydia
  • Gonorrhoea
  • Syphillis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the treatments for Bacterial Vaginosis?

A
  1. Metronidazole (oral or topical)
  2. Clindamycin (topical)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the treatments for Chlamydia?

A
  1. Doxycycline
  2. Azithromycin
  3. Erythromycin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the treatments for Gonorrhoea?

A
  1. For uncomplicated anogenital or pharyngeal infection - Ciprofloxacin 500mg

If type is unknown - Cefriaxone 1g IM injection, single dose

  1. Cefixime 400mg orally as a single dose + Azithromycin 2g orally

OR gentamicin 240mg IM

Penicillin allergy - cefriaxone and cefixime

Pregnant or breastfeeding - Ceftriaxone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the treatments for Syphillis?

A
  1. Benzypenicillin
  2. Doxycycline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the treatments for UTI in non-pregnant women?

A
  1. Nitrofurantoin or Trimethoprim
  2. Fosfomycin / Pivmecillinam
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are the treatments for UTI in pregnant women?

A
  1. Nitrofurantoin (not to term)
  2. Amoxicillin or cefalexin

If the lady has a cather - Cefalexin

26
Q

What is the treatment for Diabetic foot infection?

A
  1. Flucloxacillin
  2. If allergic or fluclox is unsuitable - Clarithromycin/doxy/erthro
27
Q

What can given for Osteomyelitis (a musculoskeletal infection)?

A
  1. Flucloxacillin
  2. If penicillin allergy - Clindamycin
  3. If resistant bacteria - vancomycin / teicoplanin, and consider adding fusidic acid or rifampicin for initial 2 weeks.
28
Q

What are the different causes of Meningitis (a CNS infection)?

A
  • Caused by meningococci
  • Caused by pneumococci
  • Causes by Listeria
  • Caused by Haemophilus influenza
29
Q

What are the treatments for meningitis caused by meningocci?

A
  1. Benzylpenillcin or cefotaxime
  2. Chloramphenicol
30
Q

What are the treatments for meningitis caused by pneumococci?

A
  1. Cefotaxime (add Dexamethasone)
  2. Benyzylpenicillin
    (If pen allergy, cephalosporins + vancomycin)
31
Q

What are the treatments for meningitis caused by Listeria?

A
  1. Amoxicillin (or ampicillin) + gentamicin
  2. Co-trimoxazole (if pen allergy)
32
Q

What is the treatment for Meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenza?

A

Cefotaxime (ceftriaxone)

33
Q

What are the different Respiratory infections?

A
  • Epiglottitis
  • COPD
  • Acute cough
  • Penumonia (community)
34
Q

What are the different treatments for Epiglottitis?

A
  1. Cefotaxime or Cefriaxone
  2. Chloramphenicol (esp with penicillin allergy)
35
Q

What are the different treatments for COPD

A
  1. Amoxicillin / clarithromycin/doxy
  2. Co-amoxiclav, levofloxacin, co-trimoxazole
36
Q

What are the different treatments for acute cough?

A
  1. Doxycycline or amoxicillin
  2. Clarithromycin / Erythromycin
37
Q

What are the different treatments for community pneumonia?

A
  1. Amoxicillin
  2. If pen allergy - Erythromycin, doxycycline, clarithromycin
38
Q

What are the different treatments for a pregnant lady with respiratory infection?

A

Amoxicillin or Erythromycin

39
Q

What are the different skin infections?

A
  • Impetigo
  • Cellulitis
  • Leg ulcer
40
Q

What are the treatments for Impetigo?

A

Topical
1. Hydrogen peroxide 1% cream
2. Fusidic acid

Oral
1. Flucloxacillin
2. For pen allergy - clarithromycin or erythromycin

41
Q

What are the different treatments for Cellulitis?

A
  1. Flucloxacillin

For pen allergy - clari, ery, dox

  1. Co-amoxiclav or clindamycin
42
Q

What are the different treatments for Leg ulcer?

A
  1. Flucloxacillin

For pen allergy - clar, ery, dox

  1. Co-trimoxazole (esp for pen allergy)
43
Q

What is the treatment for animal and human bite infections?

A
  1. Co-amoxiclav
    (pen allergy - doxycycline + metronidazole)
44
Q

What is the treatment for mastitis during breastfeeding?

A
  1. Flucloxacillin
    (Pen allergy - erythromycin)
45
Q

What is Acute pyelonephritis?

A

Inflammation of the kidney

46
Q

What’s the treatment of Acute pyelonephritis?

A

Non-pregnant women & men
- ORAL - cefalexin or ciprofloxacin

  • IV - Amikacin, Gentamicin, ceftriazone, ciprofloxacin

Pregnant women
- Oral - cefalexin
- IV - Cefuroxime

47
Q

Which organisms cause Tuberculosis?

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

48
Q

Which organisms cause Food poisoning (GI upset)?

A

Salmonella, shigella, E.coli, norovirus

49
Q

Which organisms cause MRSA?

A

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus

50
Q

Which organisms cause colitis?

A

Clostridium difficile

51
Q

Which organisms cause Pneumonia?

A

Psuedomonas aerguinosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, pneumocycstis jirovecil, haemophilus influenza

52
Q

Which organisms cause Gonorrhoea?

A

Neisseria gonorrhoea

53
Q

Which organisms cause whopping cough?

A

Bordetella pertusis

54
Q

Which organisms cause UTI?

A

E.Coli

55
Q

Treatment for whopping cough?

A

Non pregnant adult -
1. Azithromycin or clarithromycin

  1. Co-trimoxazole

Pregnant - erythromycin

56
Q

General guidance of infections and what to give?

A

Anaerobic infections - metronidazole

Steptococci infections - Phenoxy

Staphylococci infections - Fluclox

MRSA - Vancomycin

Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Gentamicin

Bone infections - Clindamycin

57
Q

What is the treatment for hospital acquired pneumonia - low severity?

A
  • Co-amoxiclav (alternative doxycycline or co-trimoxazole)
58
Q

What is the treatment for community acquired pneumonia - non severe?

A

Amoxicillin (alt doxycycline, erythromycin, or clarithromycin).

59
Q

What is the CURB65 score?

A

This tells you the severity of pneumonia

60
Q

What does the CURB65 stand for?

A

C - Confusion
U - Urea
R - Respiratory
B - Blood pressure
65 - equal to and over the age of 65

Each one = 1 point

0-1 = treat as an outpatient

2 - Consider a short stay in hospital or watch very closely as an outpatient

3 - Requires hospitalization with consideration of intensive care unit

Infections (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions