Management Handout 5 Flashcards
what is management?
the process of reaching organisational goals by working with and through people and other organisational resources.
what is the difference between management and leadership?
the leader’s job is to inspire and motivate, consider long-term strategy, the challenges facing the business and how to overcome them
the manager’s job is to plan, and coordinate and control the workforce
give 5 characteristics of effective managers
empathy
self awareness
enthusiasm
hardworking
inspirational
give 6 roles of managers
plan
organise
lead
coordinate
control
functional eg HR/sales
what is the function of planning for managers?
involves choosing tasks that must be performed to attain organisational goals
outlining how the task must be performed
indicating when they should be performed
what is the function of organising for managers?
assigning the tasks developed in the planning stages to various groups/individuals
organising resources to initiate plan
what is the function of controlling for managers?
gather information that measures performance
compare present performance to pre-establishes performance norms
determine the next action plan and modifications for meeting the desired performance parameters
must be able to exercise command over employees
what is the function of functional areas for managers?
a manager may have specialist skills in one functional are eg HR but they are often aligned with the general management concept which is responsible for various functional areas with different functional tasks within sales, operations and finance
managers need to be focused on the coordination of people within those departmental setups
what is the function of coordinating for managers?
management seeks to coordinate through its basic functions like planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling
achieving harmony between individual’s efforts towards achievement of a groups goals is a key to success to management
what is the function of leading for managers?
also referred to as motivating, influencing, directing
can be defined as guiding the activities of organisation members in the direction that helps the organisation move towards the fulfilment of the goals
what are three roles of managers?
decision-making roles
information roles
interpersonal roles
what is involved in interpersonal roles?
hiring, firing, training, motivating, organising
what is involved in decision-making roles?
the access to information that managers have enables them to use their formal authority to make decisions
what is involved in information roles?
acting as a channel for information to flow between divisions/departments within an organisation
define MBOs (management by objectives)
as the process whereby the employers and the superiors come together to identify common goals
the employees et their goals to be achieved
the standards to be taken as the criteria for measurement of their performance and contribution and deciding the course of action is followed
what is the principle behind MBOs?
make sure everybody within the organisation has a clear understanding of the aims/objectives of that organisation as well as awareness of their own roles and responsibilities in achieving those aims
complete MBO system is to get managers and empowered employees acting to implement and achieve their plans, automatically achieving those of the organisation
give 5 steps of the MBO process
review objectives for the whole business (corporate objectives)
set objectives for the management of the different functions of the business
set objective for individual department and workers
monitor progress - managers and workers check to see if their objectives are being reached
evaluate performance and give reward of the objectives were reached
give 6 advantages of MBO and expand each one
objectives are defined - managers and workers agree to the objectives and understand what they need to do to achieve them
aids communication and more chance of achievement of objective if agreed and explained how to achieve it
involves breaking down and dividing aims/goals - into targets and objectives for divisions, departments, managers and workers
ensures everyone is involved in working towards achieving the aims and objectives of the organisation
can promote teamworking and cooperation
better motivated workers - by including them with the goal setting and course of action
can carry out their responsibilities to the best of their abilities
improve management control of the organisation - managers know who is doing what and what they’re supposed to be achieving
improves efficiency and communication
everyone is aware of their responsibilities - they know that they should be achieving and how their role fits with organisational objectives
motivate the workforce - when managers are involved in setting and agreeing objectives, they will have a commitment to ensure they are achieved
involving all employees will give employee empowerment, increasing job satisfaction and commitment
give 5 disadvantages of MBO and expand on them
management time spent on the process of setting objectives - rather than managing organisation
MBO can be time consuming for everyone which can reduce productivity as the time could be spent elsewhere
ever-changing business environment/context in which goals are set may change over time, making objectives unrealistic - may not remain relevant if objectives aren’t reviewed or updated
