MANAGEMENT: approaches

Question 1

what is classical approach (style + structure)

Answer 1

organisational structure: hierarchal - management sets how people interact to achieve goals
- level of control decreases down pyramid, long decision making, employee = no autonomy

Leadership style:
Autocratic: decisions made from management how and what to do
- narrow span of contol
- rigid chain of command

Question 2

classical approach characterstics (as what)

Answer 2

Planning: goals
strategic: long term, couple of years
tectical: medium term, 1-2 years
operational: short term, wekly/daily

Organising resource to achieve goals
- determine work activities
- assign work and delegate authority

Controlling: compares what was intended to happen with what has actually happened
process: establish standards, measure performance, take corrective action
methods: quality control, assurance, managment

Question 3

what is behavioural approach (style + structure)

Answer 3

organisational structure: flattened - more flexible, less levels of management, collaborative decision making - quick
Leadership style: democratic - opinions of employees valued + considered. lase say in decisions , final still upper management
wide span of control
flexible chain of command
decentralized - decisions teams rather higher authorities

Question 4

characterisitcs of behavioural

Answer 4

Leading: managers way of doing things, employees should be main foucs on way which business is organised. asks for suggestions, best interests etc
Motivaiting: concerned with employees working at most effective rate - positive reinforcement, feedback, recognition
Communicating: concerned with interaction between managers and employees - share directions, info, ideas

Question 5

what is contingency approach

Answer 5

allows to adapt quickly to change be responding to current business conditions in appropriate way

Question 6

Adv + dis of contigency

Answer 6

adv:
allows managers to change policies according to situation
helps manager enhance leadership and decision making skills
prove options to employees, helps them to grow + share ideas
dis: adapting to constant changes can be challenging for management
may be costly to continuously change approaches + confusing
can be costly when selecting alernaive courses of action depending on situaion

Question 7

Adv + dis behavioural

Answer 7

adv:
workers feel valued , know opinion matters + considered - leads to higher work productivity
- better interaction between workers in collaboraion matter, encourages communication skils
- encourages creative environment - openly share ideas

dis:
teams can lead to procrastination , do not work as efficiently as believe someone else will do their work
- not guaranteed best solution is made, as groups rather higher authority
- take time to reach consensus where all best interests and opinions are considered

Question 8

adv + dis classical

Answer 8

adv:
inexperienced workers closely supervised + mentored of someone with higher power
- clear line of control + authority , workers always hv someone to report to
- ensures best decisions made

dis:
workers may feel underappreciaed - no large say in decisions
- decision making takes long time must got through stages
lower work satisfaction , lower productivity and effeciency
discourage innovation and creativity
hard to respond to changes in environment