Management and organizational structure Flashcards

Theoretical foundations organizational structure

1
Q

Classical Management Theories

Scientific Management

Frederick Taylor

A

Emphasizes efficiency and productivity through systematic observation and analysis of work processes.
(Centralization of decision-making)

Frederick Taylor

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2
Q

Classical Management Theories

Administrative Management

Henri Fayol

A

Focuses on principles of management, including unity of command, scalar chain, and division of labor.

Emphasizes the importance of clear organizational structure.

Henri Fayol

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3
Q

Behavioral Management Theories

Hawthorne Studies

Elton Mayo

A

Examined the social and psychological factors affecting productivity.

Emphasizes the informal aspects of organizations and the importance of human relations.

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4
Q

Behavioral Management Theories

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs:

Maslow

A

Proposes a hierarchy of human needs influencing motivation.

Implications for designing organizational structures that support employee well-being.

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5
Q

Contingency Theory

Joan Woodward’s Contingency Model

A

Identifies the relationship between technology and organizational structure.

Contends that different technologies require different organizational structures

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6
Q

Contingency Theory

Lawrence and Lorsch’s Differentiation and Integration

A

Argues that organizations need to balance differentiation (specialization) and integration (coordination) based on environmental demands

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7
Q

Structural-Functional Approach

Talcott Parsons

A

Views organizations as systems with interrelated parts working together to achieve common goals.

Highlights the importance of differentiation and integration for organizational effectiveness.

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8
Q

Organizational Culture Theory

Edgar Schein

A

Focuses on the role of culture in shaping organizational structures.

Argues that shared values and beliefs influence how organizational structures are designed and maintained.

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9
Q

Transaction Cost Economics

Oliver Williamson

A

Examines how transaction costs influence the choice between hierarchical and market-based governance structures.

Emphasizes the importance of minimizing transaction costs for efficiency

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10
Q

Institutional Theory

DiMaggio and Powell

A

Explores how organizations conform to institutional norms and values in their structures.

Examines the impact of external influences on organizational design.

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11
Q

Resource Dependency Theory

Pfeffer and Salancik

A

Examines how organizations structure themselves to manage external dependencies.

Highlights the role of power and influence in shaping organizational structures.

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12
Q

Network Theory

Social Network Analysis

A

Views organizations as networks of relationships.

Emphasizes the importance of informal networks in influencing organizational structure and communication

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13
Q

Dynamic Capabilities Theory

A

Focuses on an organization’s ability to adapt and change in response to dynamic environments.

Discusses how organizational structures should be flexible and responsive to change.

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14
Q
A
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