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Y5 Gynae & Obstetrics > Malignant Disease of Ovary > Flashcards

Malignant Disease of Ovary Flashcards

1
Q

What ethnicity are at highest risk of ovarian cancer?

A

White women

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2
Q

How can you classify ovarian cancer?

A

Primary

Secondary

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3
Q

What are types of primary ovarian cancer?

A

Epithelial (80%)
Sex cord stromal
Germ cell

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4
Q

What are types of epithelial ovarian cancer?

A

Can be benign, malignant, borderline

Serous (high/low grade)
Mucinous
Clear Cell
Endometrioid

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5
Q

What aree RF for ovarian cancer?

A 
Nulliparity 
IUD 
Endometriosis 
Cigarette smoking 
Obesity
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6
Q

What are protective factors for ovarian cancer?

A 
Multiparity 
COCP 
Tubal ligation 
Salpingectomy 
Hysterectomy
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7
Q

What are important genes involved in ovarian cancer?

A 
BRCA1, BRCA2
Lynch syndrome (HNPCC)
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8
Q

What and when is treatment offered to BRCA women?

A

After they have completed their family

Prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy

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9
Q

What are common sx of ovarian cancer?

A

Generally non specific

Bloating/increased abdo girth
ASCITES
Persistent pelvic pain
Difficulty eating + satiety

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10
Q

What are rarer sx of ovarian cancer?

A 
Change in bowel habit 
Urinary symptoms 
Backache 
Irregular bleed 
Fatigue
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11
Q

What will exam for ovarian cancer reveal?

A

Fixed, hard mass from pelvis

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12
Q

How do you dx ovarian cancer=?

A

TVUSS

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13
Q

What are tumour markers for borderline ovarian tumours?

A

Ca125 - serous epithelial

Ca 19-9 - mucinous epithelial

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14
Q

How do you stage ovarian cancer?

A

FIGO staging, 1-4

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15
Q

What is mx for ovarian cancer?

A

Surgery - laparotomy (total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, lymph node resection)
+ Chemotherapy

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16
Q

What type of chemo is best for ovarian cancer?

A

Platinum-based chemo

e.g. carboplatin

17
Q

What are the two main types of sex cord stromal tumours?

A

Granulosa cell tumours

Sertoli-Leidig cell tumours

18
Q

What are causes of secondary ovarian cancer?

A

breast, colon, stomach

19
Q

What are secondary ovarian cancers called?

A

KRUKENBERG

20
Q

What index can you use to triage pelvic masses / suspected ovarian cancers?

A

Risk of Malignant Index (RMI)

21
Q

What does the Risk of Malignant Index include?

A

Menopausal status
Pelvic USS features
Ca125

22
Q

What is Figo Stage 1 for ovarian cancer?

A

Confined to ovaries

23
Q

What is Figo Stage 2 for ovarian cancer?

A

Outside ovaries, within pelvis

24
Q

What is Figo Stage 3 for ovarian cancer?

A

Within abdomen

25
Q

What is Figo Stage 4 for ovarian cancer?

A

Distant metastasis

26
Q

What are clinical features of sex cord stromal tumours, and why do they occur?

A

Features of excess hormone production e.g. IMB, PMB, Precocious puberty
OR signs of virilisation

Y5 Gynae & Obstetrics (34 decks)

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