Malignancies

Question 0

Describe how GI derived infections or cancers may spread within the body

Answer 0

Direct
Lymphatic
Portal venous system
Trans-coelomic (peritoneum, ovaries)

Question 1

Describe common GI cancers and their clinical presentations

Answer 1

Oesophageal:
Squamous cell carcinoma due to smoking
Adenocarcinoma due to Barrett’s oesophagus
–> progressively worsening dysphagia, weight loss
Large intestine:
Adenoma, adenocarcinoma, polyps, anal carcinoma, colorectal adenocarcinoma due to genetic conditions
Pancreas:
Ductal adenocarcinoma
–> jaundice, weight loss
Gastric - vague symptoms, epigastric pain, vomiting, weight loss
Islet cell
–> characteristic skin rash
Liver:
Adenoma (benign), carcinoma (malignant)