MALE SUBFERTILITY

Question 1

What are the CAUSES of the male subfertility ?

Answer 1

✦ Impaired production or function of the sperm
✷Impaired shape or movement of sperm
✷low sperm concentration
✷variocele
✷Testotestrone defcicincy
✷Genetic defects

✦ Sperms rapidly destroyed
✷Damage due to radiation of trauma
✷Heat due to tight undergarment
✷Medical disorder : TB & Diabetes.

✦ Impaired delivery of the sperm 
    ✷Sexual issue 
    ✷Retrograde ejaculation 
    ✷Blockage 
    ✷No semen ( ejaculate 
    ✷hypospadias
    ✷ant-sperm Abs 

✦ General health and lifestyle 
    ✷Emotional stress
    ✷malnutrion
    ✷Obesity
    ✷Cancer and its treatment 
    ✷Alcohol and drugs

✦ Environmental exposure 
    ✷Pesticides and other chemicals
    ✷Overheating the testicles
    ✷substance abuse 
    ✷Tobacco smoking

Question 2

What are the history that can be taken from male subfertility ?

Answer 2

✦ Age >35
✦ Length of infertility
✦ Reproductive history & sexual history
✦ Occupational & recreational activities
✦ Infections
✦ Surgery or trauma
✦ exposure to lead , radiation , Chemotherpaeutic
agents.
✦ Excessive alcohol or cigarettes
✦ Family history - hereditary disease

Question 3

What are the PHYSICAL EXAMINATION that is performed in male subfertility ?

Answer 3

▶ Obesity
▶ lack of either sexual hair or muscular build may indicated.
▶ Ensure location of the uretheral meatus
▶ Testicular size
▶ Variocele of hernia , orchitis , epididymitis
▶ Rectal examination - prostatitis