Male Reproductive System Flashcards
Functions of the MRS (3)
Production of male sex cells
Production of testosterone
Introduction of male gametes into female rep. organs
Production of other hormones such as PMDH/AMH in male embryo and inhibin in adult
Where is the site of spermatogenesis and production of testosterone
TESTIS
What surrounds the testis
Tunicae
The parenchyma in testis is composed of
Seminiferous tubules with Sertoli cells
The interstitium contains what
Interstitial cells of leydig
Tunica vaginalis is composed of
Mesothelium and CT layer
What is the tunica albuginea
Capsule of dense connective tissue composed of collagen fibers, few elastic and myofibroblast
Tunica albuginea is continuous with CT trabeculae called? And does what?
Septule testis
Separate seminiferous tubules
The Leydig cells are located where
Between seminiferous tubules
Seminiferous tubules are composed of
Spermatogenic epithelium
Spermatogenic epithelium is surrounded by
Lamina propia of collagen and elastic fibers
What is spermatogonia (2)
Most immature spermatogenic cells
Small round cells with dark round nuclei
Where is the spermatogonia (by what)
Lie next to basement membrane
Seminiferous tubules cells are lined by
Spermatogenic cells and sertoli cells
Formation of spermatids
Spermatogonia stem cells proceed to spermatogonia A and B
Spermatogonia B under mitosis to 1ry spermatocytes
1ry spermatocytes undergo 1st meiosis to form 2ry spermatocytes which in turn undergo 2nd meiosis to form spermatids
What are spermatids
Haploid cells present near the lumen of the seminiferous tubules where they are still immotile
T or F
Spermatids in the seminiferous lumen are in IMMOTILE state
TRUE
Where are Myoid cells located
Outside basement membrane of each tubule
Function of Myoid cells
Move spermatozoa out of tubules
Spermatic pathway (8)
Seminiferous tubules Tubuli recti Rate testis Efferent ductules (head) Epididymal duct Ductus deferens Pelvis Urethra Penile Urethra
Sertoli cells are characterized by
Presence of tight junctions that divide the seminiferous epithelium into basal adluminal compartment
Functions of sertolli cells (7)
Support, protect, nourish spermatogenic cells
Secrete supporting testicular fluid
Protect (via tight junctions) spermatids from Immune system
Have receptors for FSH which releases Androgen Binding Protein which binds to androgensia (process that influences cell differentiation)
Synthesize Antimulerian hormone
Release hormone inhibin
The hormone inhibin function
Suppress secretion of FSH
Leydig cells secrete
Testosterone
Leydig cells are controlled by what hormone
LH
WHat is responsible for 2ry male sex characteristics and libido (sexual drive)
TESTOSTERONE
Anabolic effect of testosterone
Stimulate growth of skeletal muscles and bone
What is the vascular supply of testis
arterial supply and venous drainage
EPIDIDYMIS
Spermatic cord is composed of (4)
Testicular artery
Testicular vein
Lymphatic
Ductus Referents
Seminiferous tubules terminate as straight testicular tubules that empty into the anastoming channels of
RETE TESTIS
Seminiferous tubules empty into (5)
Straight tubules Rete testis Epididymis Epididymal duct Ductus deferens
The efferent ductules of Epididymis
Connect the epididymal duct in the head of epididymis
Epididymal duct is
A single long coiled tubule: pseudostratifies epithelium with stereocilia
Main function of epididymal duct
Fluid reabsorption and secretion of glycerophosphocholine
What site of the epididymal duct is used for sperm storage
TAIL
Its terminal portion is the ejaculatory duct in the MRS. What am I?
Ductus deferens
Accessory sex glands (4)
Bulbourethral glands
Prostate glands
Ampullatory glands
Vesicular glands
What do the accessory sex glands have in common
They’re all tubuloalveolar
Vesicular glands/ seminal vesicles produce
Fructose which is the source of energy for sperm cells
What is the prostate
Multilobulated gland that surrounds the prostatic urethra
Prostate Gland (3)
Glandular tissue surrounded by fibromuscular stroma that forms multiple lobules
Smooth M surrounds lobules
Corpora amylacea is often seen within lumen
Bulbourethral glands empty into
pelvic urethra
Penis consist 1ry of what
Erectile tissue and urethra
What is the corpora cavenosa
Paired masses of erectile tissues
What is the corpus spongiosum
Single mass of erectile tissue that surrounds the urethra more delicate than corpus cavenosa
Portions of the male urethra (3)
Prostatic
Pelvic
Penile
