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MIcroanatomy > Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

Female Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Members of the female reproductive system (5)

A 
Ovaries
Uterus
Cervix
Vagina
External Genitalia (Vestibule and vulva)
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2
Q

Exocrine function of the FRS

A

Production of the female gametes

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3
Q

Endocrine function of the FRS

A

Production of sex hormones

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4
Q

Functions of the FRS (6)

A

Endocrine function
Exocrine function
Reception of male gametes
Provision of a suitable environment for fertilization
Provision of a suitable environment for fetal development
Nutrition of newborn

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5
Q

Ovaries produce (2)

A

Female gametes and sex hormones

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6
Q

The cortex of the ovaries are

A

Broad peripheral zone containing follicles in various stages of development

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7
Q

What part of the ovaries contain CT, nerves, blood and lymph vessels

A

Medulla

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8
Q

The cortex of the ovaries are lined with

A

low CUBOIDAL epithelium

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9
Q

where is the Tunica albuginea in the cortex of ovaries

A

Beneath surface epithelium made of CT

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10
Q

What is folliculogenesis

A

Continuous process throughout reproductive life where by primordial follicles undergo maturation during each reproductive cycle

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11
Q

Follicular growth and maturation is dependent on

A

Follicular stimulating hormone (FSH)

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12
Q

What hormone is important for estrogen synthesis and ovulation

A

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

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13
Q

What is an ovarian follicle

A

Structure containing an oocyte surrounded by specialized epithelial cells

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14
Q

What is the Primordial follicle

A

1ry oocyte enclosed by flattened simple squamous follicular cells that rest on a basal lamina

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15
Q

Where are the primordial follicles retained

A

In a resting stage from the time they formed in the fetal ovary

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16
Q

What is the primary follicle

A

Primary oocyte enclosed by a simple cuboidal layer of follicular cells

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17
Q

T or F

An oocyte is smaller in primary follicle than the ones in primordial follicles

A

False

Is larger in the primary follicle

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18
Q

Secondary follicle is

A

Primary oocyte enclosed by several layers of follicular cells

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19
Q

Follicular cells proliferate through _____ and are called ______ ____

A

MITOSIS

GRANULOSA CELLS

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20
Q

What is the zona pellucida

A

Glycoprotein layer located at the interphase between the oocyte and the granulosa cells

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21
Q

What are Theca cells

A

Large, pale staining, spindle-shaped cells that have the morphology of steroid producing/metabolizing cells

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22
Q

Granulosa cells are (2)

A

Acquired receptors for follicle stimulating hormone

Important in the Development of follicle

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23
Q

When the follicles become larger, they are filled with a liquid that appears between granulosa cells called?

What is this type of follicle called?

A

ANTRUM?

Tertiary follicles

24
Q

The antrum enlarges, the oocyte is surrounded by a layer of follicular cells called

A

Corona radiata

25
Q

The corona radiata sits on an aggregate of granulosa cells called

A

Cumulus oophorus

26
Q

When the oocyte detaches from cumulus oophorus and floats free in follicular fluid is called

A

Mature (Graafian) Follicle

27
Q

As a mature (graafian) follicle the cells acquire what for what

A

Luteinizing Hormone (LH) for the development of corpus luteum

28
Q

The majority of follicles degenerate through a process called

A

Atresia

29
Q

Follicular atresia (what happens) (3)

A

The oocyte, zona pellucida, and follicular cell degenerate and are reabsorbed
The basal lamina or granulosa cells become hyalinized
The theca interna cells blend back to stoma

30
Q

After ovulation, blood flows into antrum and the ruptured follicles becomes what

A

Corpus hemorrhagium

31
Q

Capillaries from stroma invade collapsed follicle and convert it into a temporary endocrine organ called

A

Corpus Luteum

No fluid just solid tissues

32
Q

What is leutinization

A

Process by which the granulosa and theca cells transform into luteal cells (Hypertrophy and hyperplasia)

33
Q

In response to FSH and LH granulosa lutein cells produce what

A

Progesterone

Estrogen

34
Q

In response to LH what do theca cells produce

A

Progesterone

35
Q

What is lutein

A

Yellow pigment in luteal cells of carnivores, mares and cows

36
Q

Involution of the corpus luteum results in a fibrous scar called

A

Corpus Albicans

37
Q

What is the muscular tube derived from the mullerian ducts

A

Oviduct or uterine tube

38
Q

Function of the oviduct (5)

A

Receive the ovum
Cilia assist transport
Epithelial secretion promote capacitation of sperm
Provide a favorable microenvironment for fertilization
Transport zygote to uterus for implantation

39
Q

Mucosa epithelium in the Oviduct

A

Simple columnar epithelium or pseudostratified columnar with motile cilia on most cells

40
Q

Non ciliated cells in oviduct

A

Have secretory granules in the cytoplasm

Secretion provides nutrients to the ovum

41
Q

What is the tunica muscularis in oviduct

A

Inner circular and an outer longitudinal smooth muscle layer

42
Q

What contains the blood vessels and nerves in the oviduct

A

The serosa

43
Q

Function of the uterus (3)

A

Provide a sterile and inert environment for the development of the conceptus
Exchange of nutrients and throphic factors via placental attachment sites
Muscles contribute to the release and birth of fetus

44
Q

Functional zone of endometrium

A

Superficial layer that degenerates after pregnancy or estrus

45
Q

Basal zone of endometrium

A

Layer that remains after pregnancy or estrus

46
Q

Granular epithelium is simple columnar and contains what in the uterus

A

Secretory and non-secretory cells

47
Q

Function of cervix (2)

A

Provide a seal that prevents organisms and substances from entering the cranial vagina
As a gatekeeper by holding products of conception within uterus until parturition

48
Q

Epithelium of the endocervix

A

Simple columnar with mucus secreting cells

49
Q

T or F

The endocervix has Muscularis Mucosae

A

FALSE

50
Q

What is the serosa of endocervix made of

A

CT lined with mesothelium

51
Q

The ectocervix is lined with

A

Stratified Squamous epithelium

52
Q

Epithelium of the VAGINA

A

Mostly stratified squamous epithelium with patches of simple columnar epithelium and mucus producing cells

53
Q

What do you finds in the early proestrus

A

All types of epithelial cells as well as erythrocytes and neutrophils

54
Q

In the late proestrus you find

A

Lower neutrophils, intermediate and superficial cells dominate

55
Q

In the estrus what do you find

A

Superficial keratinized cells are almost all of the cells

56
Q

In the diestrus you see (3)

A

Number of superficial cells abruptly decreases
Intermediate and parabasal cells increase
Neutrophils increase in number

57
Q

Anestrus

A

Parabasal and intermediate cells predominate

Neutrophils and bacteria may be present in small numbers

MIcroanatomy (4 decks)

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