Male Reproductive System

Question 1

The pouch that supports the testes

Answer 1

Scrotum

Question 2

Site of sperm cell production

Answer 2

Seminiferous tubules

Question 3

Nourishes sperm cells and releases inhibin; serves as a blood-testes barrier

Answer 3

Sertoli or Sustentacular cells

Question 4

Cells that produce testosterone

Answer 4

Leydig or Interstitial Cells

Question 5

The internal connective tissue divider of the testes

Answer 5

Septum

Question 6

The external scrotum contains what type of tissue?

Answer 6

Loose Connective

Question 7

A smooth muscle responsible for reducing the size of the scrotum

Answer 7

Dartus Muscle

Question 8

T or F: The scrotal muscles contract in warm temperatures and relax in cold temperatures

Answer 8

False (contracts in cold, relaxes in warm)

Question 9

This muscle is an extension of the internal oblique abdominis into the scrotum

Answer 9

Cremaster Muscle

Question 10

T or F: When the cremaster muscle pulls the testes upwards, it raises their body temperature

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Very heat-sensitive cells that must develop at temperatures slightly lower than the rest of the body

Answer 11

Sperm Cells

Question 12

Scrotal temperature is how many degrees lower than the body?

Answer 12

2-3 degrees

Question 13

How many sperm cells complete spermatogenesis every day?

Answer 13

300 million

Question 14

Length of a sperm cell

Answer 14

About 60 mm long

Question 15

T or F: Sperm cells can only survive up to 48 hours within the female reproductive tract

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Part of the sperm cell which contains a nucleus with condensed chromosomes

Answer 16

Head

Question 17

Part of the sperm which covers the anterior 2/3 of the nucleus; filled with enzymes that help the sperm penetrate the egg cell

Answer 17

Acrosome

Question 18

Part of the sperm cell that contains the neck, middle piece, principle piece, and end piece

Answer 18

Tail

Question 19

This portion of the tail contains mitochondria arranged in spirals

Answer 19

Middle Piece

Question 20

This organ belongs to both the reproductive (passage of semen) and urinary system (passage of urine)

Answer 20

Penis

Question 21

Part of the penis that covers the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum

Answer 21

Tunica Albuginea

Question 22

Erectile tissues containing vascular spaces (blood sinuses)

Answer 22

Corpora cavernosa

Question 23

Part of the penis that is pierced through by the urethra

Answer 23

Corpus spongiosum

Question 24

Expanded distal end of the penis

Answer 24

Glans penis

Question 25

Urethra that traverses the corpus spongiosum

Answer 25

Penile/Spongy Urethra

Question 26

Expansion of blood sinuses (pooling of blood) in the corpora cavernosa in response to sexual excitation

Answer 26

Erection

Question 27

The mechanism that releases seminal fluid as a sympathetic reflex

Answer 27

Ejaculation

Question 28

Paired oval glands found within the scrotum

Answer 28

Testes

Question 29

Part of the testes derived from the peritonuem

Answer 29

Tunica Vaginalis

Question 30

Medical condition referring to that collection of serous fluid within the tunica vaginalis caused by injury or inflammation (no treatment required)

Answer 30

Hydrocele

Question 31

Internal to the tunica vaginalis; extends inwards which creates divisions (septa) for testes compartments (lobules)

Answer 31

Tunica albuginea

Question 32

About how many seminiferous tubules are present in one testicular lobule?

Answer 32

1-3

Question 33

T or F: Spermiogenesis refers to sperm production

Answer 33

False Spermiogenesis - sperm maturation Spermatogenesis - sperm production

Question 34

T or F: The process of sperm production and maturation undergoes Meiosis I and II

Answer 34

True

Question 35

How many haploid cells are produced from a primary spermatocyte?

Answer 35

4

Question 36

Where are the mature sperm cells located within the tubules?

Answer 36

Near the lumen

Question 37

Where are the young sperm cells located within the tubules?

Answer 37

Near the basement membrane

Question 38

Refers to the youngest form of sperm cells which are diploid cells

Answer 38

Spermatogonium

Question 39

T or F: Stem cells completely leave the basement membrane

Answer 39

False (they don't in order to preserve the replication process)

Question 40

Second form of sperm cells after undergoing Meiosis I (still diploid)

Answer 40

Primary Spermatocyte

Question 41

Third form of sperm cells after undergoing Meiosis II (turns into haploid)

Answer 41

Secondary Spermatocytes (2)

Question 42

Secondary spermatocytes split into what type of haploid cells?

Answer 42

4 spermatids

Question 43

When 4 spermatids undergo spermiogenesis, what are produced?

Answer 43

4 haploid sperm cells

Question 44

T or F: DNA replication occurs in both primary and secondary spermatocytes

Answer 44

False (only happens in primary spermatocytes)

Question 45

Spermatogenesis is induced by what hormone released by the hypothalamus?

Answer 45

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Question 46

GnRH triggers the anterior pituitary to release what 2 hormones?

Answer 46

Follicle stimulating hormones (FSH) and Luteinizing hormones (LH)

Question 47

T or F: FSH stimulates spermatogenesis while LH stimulates testosterone production

Answer 47

True

Question 48

Testosterone is reduced to what by the 5-alpha reductase hormone?

Answer 48

Dihydrotestosterone

Question 49

Very short reproductive ducts coming from the lumen of the seminiferous tubules

Answer 49

Straight tubules

Question 50

Refers to the network of ducts in the testes

Answer 50

Rete Testis

Question 51

Series of coiled ducts which empty into the ductus epididymis

Answer 51

Efferent Ducts

Question 52

The site of sperm maturation, storage, and where sperm cells learn how to swim

Answer 52

Epididymis

Question 53

T or F: Unejaculated sperm will be reabsorbed

Answer 53

True

Question 54

The duct which ascends from the epididymis to the spermatic cord towards the pelvic cavity

Answer 54

Vas deferens/ Ductus deferens

Question 55

The vas deferens conveys the sperm during sexual arousal by means of what muscular movement?

Answer 55

Peristalsis

Question 56

T or F: The vas deferens is the organ being cut during a vasectomy

Answer 56

True

Question 57

Supporting structure that houses the veins and arteries and arises from the scrotum

Answer 57

Spermatic Cord

Question 58

Other name for testicular veins

Answer 58

Pampiniform plexus

Question 59

Medical condition referring to the swelling of the scrotum due to a dilation of veins that drain the testes (does not require treatment)

Answer 59

Varicocele

Question 60

Formed by the union of 2 ducts (seminal vesicles and vas deferens ampulla)

Answer 60

Ejaculatory Duct

Question 61

Enlargement at the tip of the vas deferens posterior to the urinary bladder

Answer 61

Ampulla

Question 62

Shared terminal duct for both the reproductive and urinary system

Answer 62

Urethra

Question 63

The accessory gland that secretes alkaline and viscous fluid which contains fructose, prostaglandins, and clotting proteins

Answer 63

Seminal Vesicles

Question 64

The percentage of seminal fluid made in the seminal vesicles

Answer 64

65-70%

Question 65

Doughnut-shaped accessory organ which secretes a milky, slightly acidic fluid (pH = 6.5)

Answer 65

Prostate Gland

Question 66

The antibiotic that decreases the naturally occurring bacteria in semen

Answer 66

Seminalplasmin

Question 67

The percentage of seminal fluid made in the prostate glands

Answer 67

20%

Question 68

Smallest accessory organ which secretes an alkaline fluid in the urethra that protects passing sperm by neutralizing acids from urine

Answer 68

Bulbourethral Glands/Cowper’s Glands

Question 69

The percentage of seminal fluid made in the bulbourethral glands

Answer 69

10%

Question 70

T or F: The bulbourethral glands contain sperm cells

Answer 70

False

Question 71

Mixture of sperm and seminal fluid

Answer 71

Semen