Female Reproductive System Flashcards by Kchianna Coronel

Area between the pelvic inlet and outlet and the passageway for the baby during labor

Pelvic Cavity

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Part that separates the true and false pelvis

Linea terminalis (pelvic brim)

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Type of pelvis:
- bounded anteriorly by the inner abdominal wall
- bounded posteriorly by the lumbar vertebra
- bounded laterally by the iliac fossa

False pelvis (greater pelvis)

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Type of pelvis:

bounded anteriorly by the pubic bone
bounded posteriorly by the anterior sacrum
bounded laterally by the inner ischial bones and sacrosciatic notches and ligaments

True pelvis (lesser pelvis)

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T or F: The true pelvis is the clinically important pelvis to be assessed before labor

True

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All external visible structures from the pubis to the perineum

Pudenda/Vulva

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Fat-filled cushion or mound that lies over the symphysis pubis and contains hair follicles

Mons pubis/Mons veneris

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Thicker “lip” of the vagina which contains hair follicles

Labia majora/ Labia majus

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Condition that refers to enlarged veins due to the pressure of the growing baby inside the uterus

Varicosities

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Thinner “lip” of the vagina that does not contain hair follicles and is extremely sensitive

Labia minora

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Inferior portion of the Labia minora

Fourchette

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Principal female erogenous organ located below the prepuce and above the frenulum and urethra

Clitoris

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Artery that supplies the clitoral body

Deep artery

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Artery that supplies the glans and prepuce

Dorsal artery

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External genitalia perforated by 6 openings

Vestibule

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Greater vestibular glands that help lubricate the vaginal area

Bartholin’s Glands

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On what positions on the hymenal ring do the Bartholin’s glands open?

5 and 7 o’clock

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Diamond area between the thighs

Perineum

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Artery that supplies the perineum

Internal pudendal artery

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The anterior triangle (urogenital triangle) is composed of what 2 spaces?

Superficial and Deep space

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Nerve formed by the anterior rami of S2-S4 which courses between the piriformis and coccygeus muscle

Pudendal nerve

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The nerve that supplies the clitoral skin

Dorsal clitoris nerve

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The nerve that supplies the anterior triangle muscles and labial skin

Perineal nerve

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The nerve that supplies the external anal sphincter, anal canal mucous membrane, and perineal skin

Inferior rectal nerve

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Triangle common to both male and females

Posterior triangle/ Anal triangle

Procedure of cutting the perineum for cases wherein the baby would not fit through during labor to avoid lacerations

Episiotomy

Medical condition wherein injured vessels will find a space to let out all the accumulated blood forming a mass of pooled blood in the vulvar area

Vulvar hematoma

Almond-shaped, pearl white structures which are sites for ova production

Ovaries

The biggest broad ligament that supports the ovary

Mesovarium

Attachment of the uterus to the ovary

Utero-ovarian ligament (round ligament)

Attachment of the ovaries to the pelvic wall

Suspensory Ligaments

Artery that supplies the ovary and arises from the abdominal aorta

Ovarian artery

Artery that can supply the ovary which arises from the internal iliac artery

Ovarian branches of the uterine artery

Ovarian vein which empties into the IVC

Right ovarian vein

Ovarian vein which empties into the left renal vein

Left ovarian vein

Nerve cell fibers that travel through the ovarian plexus and lumbar sphlanic nerve cell bodies in T11 and L1 spinal sensory ganglia

Sympathetic Fibers

Nerve cell fibers that travel through the uterine and inferior hypogastric plexuses and pelvic sphlanchnic nerves to the cell bodies in the S2-S4 sensory ganglia

Parasympathetic Fibers

Other name for fallopian tubes

Oviducts/Uterine tubes

The fallopian tube attaches to the broad ligament by the?

Mesosalphinx

T or F: Fallopian tubes are directly connected to the ovaries

False

The most common site of fertilization

Fallopian tube

Funnel-shaped distal end of the fallopian tube which houses the fimbriae

Infundibulum

Widest, longest, and most common site of fertilization in the fallopian tube

Ampulla

Narrowest and thick-walled part of the fallopian tube

Isthmus

Short intramural segment that pierces the wall of the uterus

Uterine part/ Cornual part

Refers to pregnancy outside of the uterus

Ectopic pregnancy

T or F: If the patient loses one fallopian tube, pregnancy is still possible but the chances of an ectopic pregnancy will be doubled

True

Refers to the absence of menstruation

Amenorrhea

Thick-walled, hollow muscular organ which houses the fetus from development to birth

Uterus

Convex upper segment of the uterus between the insertion points of the fallopian tubes

Fundus

Part of the uterus between the internal cervical os and endometrial cavity

Isthmus

Part of the uterus between the internal cervical os and endometrial cavity

Isthmus

Serous layer of the uterus which covers the anterior bladder and posterior uterus

Perimetrium

Thickest muscular layer of the uterus which contracts during labor

Myometrium

Mucous layer of the uterus which sheds off during menstruation

Endometrium

Which position of the uterus refers to the anterior bend between the cervix and uterus body?

Anteflex (normal)

Which position of the uterus refers to the anterior bend between the cervix and vagina?

Anteverted

Which position of the uterus refers to the fundus and uterine body bending backwards on the vagina lying in the rectouterine pouch

Retroverted

Blood supply of the uterus

Uterine artery and collateral branches of ovarian arteries

Venous drainage of the uterus

Internal iliac veins

Uterine support: Extends from the lateral portion of the uterus

Round Ligament

Uterine support: Wing-like structures from the lateral margins to the pelvic sidewall (biggest ligament)

Broad ligament

4 regions of the broad ligament (meso-)

- mesosalphinx—fallopian tubes - mesovarium—ovaries - mesometrium—uterus - suspensory ligament of the ovary

Transverse uterine support which extends laterally from the cervix to the side wall of the pelvis

Transverse Cervical Ligament/Cardinal Ligament of Mackenrodt

Posterior uterine attachment connected to the supravaginal portion of the cervix

Uterosacral ligaments

Anterior attachment of the uterus which extends from the cervix to the pubic symphysis

Pubocervical ligament

The lower part of the uterus which connects it to the vaginal wall

Cervix

Junction between the cervix and uterus

Internal os

What are the 2 portions of the cervix?

- supravaginal—between the isthmus and vagina - vaginal—protrudes into the superior most anterior vaginal wall

Muscular tube measuring about 7cm to 9cm which extends from the vulva to the uterus

Vagina

3 divisions of the vagina made by the cervix

- anterior fornix - lateral fornix - posterior fornix

What do you call immature egg cells?

Oocytes

Parts inside the ovaries which contain the oocytes

Ovarian follicles

This process produces a conducive environment for a potential baby by shedding old uterus lining

Menstruation

T or F: The hymen only breaks during intercourse

False (it can also break due to blunt force trauma)