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Medicine > Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Route and function of vas deferens?

A

From epididymis through inguinal canal as part of spermatic cord into the prostatic urethra

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2
Q

What is the common outflow tube of the vas deferens and the seminal vesicle? Where does it open into?

A

Ejaculatory duct, opens into prostatic urethra

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3
Q

How much seminal fluid is secreted by prostrate gland?

A

30%

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4
Q

What are the three parts of the urethra and their locations?

A 
Prostatic = through prostate
Membranous = through perineal membrane
Spongy = through the penis
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5
Q

Angle between membranous and spongy urethra?

A

90 degrees

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6
Q

What fibrous covering surrounds the seminiferous tubules?

A

Tunica albuginea

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7
Q

Epididymis on dorsal medial surface of testes true or false?

A

False - dorsal lateral

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8
Q

What do the seminiferous tubules drain into to get to vas deferens?

A

rete testis —> head of epididymis down to tail —> vas deferens

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9
Q

What is the tunica vaginalis? What are its embryonic origins?

A

A double layered (visceral and parietal) serous membrane that covers the testes

Embryonically, a pouch of peritoneum called the processus vaginalis descends into scrotum followed by testis and then disconnects from the testis

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10
Q

Where do the testes originate embryonically?

A

Posterior abdominal wall

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11
Q

Embryological reasons for vas deferens moving through inguinal canal?

A

Testes descend obliquely from their original position in posterior abdominal wall through muscle layers of the anterior abdominal wall, forming the inguinal canal (lies superior to medial part of inguinal ligament)

Testes guided by the gubernaculum

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12
Q

Muscles of the anterior abdominal wall deep to superficial

A

Transversalis fascia
Transversus abdominis
Internal oblique
External oblique

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13
Q

Which structures does the processus vaginalis bring from the anterior abdominal to surround the testes?

A

Itself (parietal + visceral peritoneum)
Transversalis fascia
Internal oblique
External oblique

(NOT TRANSVERSE ABDOMINIS)

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14
Q

What covers the testes and spermatic cord superficial to the tunica vaginalis? What additional superficial layer does the testis have?

A

Inner - internal spermatic fascia (derived from transversalis fascia)
Middle - cremaster muscle and fascia (derived from internal oblique)
Outer - external spermatic fascia (derived from external oblique aponeurosis)

Testis outer - dartos muscle

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15
Q

Dartos muscle function? Innervation?

A

SMCs that contract to bring the testes closer to the body

Sympathetic

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16
Q

What innervates the cremaster muscle?

A

Genital branch of genito-femoral nerve, L1-2

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17
Q

Blood supply of testis and epididymis, and origin?

A

Testicular artery from abdominal artery

18
Q

Drainage of testes and epididymis? Drainage of left and right into which major veins?

A

Pampiniform venous plexus to testicular veins

Left testicular vein drains to left renal vein
Right testicular vein drains into IVC

19
Q

Pain referred to where and why?

A

Umbilical region of abdominal wall due to innervation by T10

20
Q

Cremaster muscle motor innervation and function of contraction?

A

Function = protection and temperature regulation

Innervation = genital branch of genitofemoral nerve (L1-2)

21
Q

Sensory innervation of medial thigh?

A

Iliofemoral L1

22
Q

What embryonic structure is the vas deferens derived from?

A

Mesonephric duct

23
Q

Vas deferens below and lies medial to the ureters true or false?

A

False - they lie pass above but yes, lie medial

24
Q

Where do the two vas deferens join?

A

ampulla of ductus deferens

25
Q

What enables peristaltic contractions in the ductus deferentes? Innervation?

A

SMCs - sympathetic nerves

26
Q

Blood supply to the ductus deferens + origin? Prostrate? Common derivation?

A

Artery to ductus deferens from umbilical artery

Superior & inferior vesical arteries

Internal iliac artery supplies umbilical and vesical arteries

27
Q

Where does the venous drainage drain?

A

Vertebral venous plexus

28
Q

What muscles demarcate the superior and anterior poles of the prostrate gland? What type are they?

A

Internal urethral sphincter - involuntary, smooth muscle

External urethral sphincter - voluntary, skeletal muscle

29
Q

Two functions of internal urethral sphincter

A
  1. Urinary continence

2. Preventing retrograde ejaculation of semen into bladder

30
Q

Which prostate lobe lies superior to the ejaculatory ducts? And inferior?

A

Median

Posterior

31
Q

What three vascular tissues form the penis?

A

Corpus spongiosum and a corpus cavernosum on each side bound by connective tissue to one another

32
Q

Zones of prostate

A

Anterior, median, posterior, 2xlateral

33
Q

Lymphatic drainage of testes? Why here?

A

Para-aortic lymph nodes due to developmental origin

34
Q

When and where do the gonads develop from?

A

4th week, primordial germ cells migrate from yolk sac to reach gonadal ridge (intermediate mesoderm) on the medial mesonephros

35
Q

What forms the vas deferens in males?

A

Wolffian (mesonephric) duct, preserved due to presence of testosterone (MIH secreted from sertoli to degenerate Mullerian duct

36
Q

Structures that develop from the Wolffian ducts?

A

Epididymis, Vas deferens, seminal vesicles, ejaculatory duct

37
Q

Which zone of the prostate tends to become enlarged in older males? What does it do?

A

Transition zone

Constricts urethra, so making it difficult to pass urine

38
Q

Which zone of the prostate is examined by digital rectal exam?

A

Peripheral zone

39
Q

In which zone of the prostate do 70-75% cancer cases arise? And 20%?

A

Peripheral zone

Transition zone

40
Q

What are seminal vesicles dependent on?

A

Testosterone

41
Q

What does seminal fluid contain?

A

Fructose - fuel spermatozoa
Bicarbonate- neutralise acidity of vagina
Proteins - coagulate sperm

42
Q

Constituents of prostate fluid?

A

Fibrinolysin, PSA, citric acid phosphatase, zinc

Medicine (62 decks)

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