Male Reproductive Health

Question 1

Name the Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor drugs

Answer 1

Avanafil
Sildenafil
Tadalafil
Vardenafil

Question 2

Name the Prostaglandin E1 drug

Answer 2

Alprostadil

Question 3

Name the 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors used for benign prostatic hyperplasia

Answer 3

Dutasteride
Finasteride

Question 4

Name the alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists used for benign prostatic hyperplasia

Answer 4

Alfuzosin, Prazosin, Silodosin, Tamsulosin

Question 5

What is the mechanism of action of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors?

Answer 5

inhibits phosphodiesterase-5 which increases cGMP and prolongs effect of nitric oxide - this has relaxing effect on smooth muscles in the corpus cavernosum leading to an erect state.

Question 6

What is the mechanism of action of Alprostadil?

Answer 6

Activates PGE receptor leading to less calcium in smooth muscle cells, causing relaxation of smooth muscle cells in the corpus cavernosum.

Question 7

What is the mechanism of action of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors?

Answer 7

competitively inhibits 5-alpha reductase from metabolising testosterone into 5a-dihydrotestosterone, thus reducing its plasma concentration. This reduces prostate size.
long plasma half life and greater potency against 5-AR.

Question 8

What is the mechanism of action of alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists?

Answer 8

Reduces degree of smooth muscle contraction in prostate - reducing pressure on bladder and urethra.

Question 9

What causes benign prostatic hypertrophy?

Answer 9

Enlargement of prostate caused by inflammation and prostatic remodelling. Leads to symptoms of: difficulty urinating or slowing urine flow, incontinence, constant feeling of having to urinate, and abdominal pain.

Question 10

What causes erectile dysfunction?

Answer 10

vascular ED: vascular disease leading to endothelial dysfunction (hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia and smoking)
Hormone deficiency or hypogonadism: may be caused by opioids, diabetes or obesity