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Reproduction > Male reproductive anatomy > Flashcards

Male reproductive anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the primary male reproductive organ?

A

Testes

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2
Q

What are accessory reproductive organs in males?

A

Vas deferens
Seminal glands
Prostate glands
Penis

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3
Q

What is the vas deferens?

A

Tube linking testes to urethra

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4
Q

What does the vas deferens pass through?

A

Spermatic cord

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5
Q

What is contained in the spermatic cord?

A

Testicular blood vessels
Vas deferens
Lymphatics

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6
Q

What lines the spermatic cord?

A

Tunica vaginalis

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7
Q

What is the tunica vaginalis an extension of?

A

Peritonium

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8
Q

What are the three outer layers of the spermatic cord?

A

Internal spermatic fascia- extension of transversus abdominis
Cremasteric fascia- extension of Internal oblique
External spermatic fascia- extension of external oblique

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9
Q

Describe the route of the vas deferens

A 
Starts at testes/epididymis
Through spermatic cord
Over top of bladder
Posterior to bladder to seminal gland
Through seminal gland to ejaculatory duct in prostate
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10
Q

What passes through the prostate?

A

Prostatic urethra

Ejaculatory duct

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11
Q

What two fluids can flow through the prostatic urethra?

A

Urine

Semen

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12
Q

What does the seminal gland do?

A

Produce semen

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13
Q

What is semen rich in?

A

Fructose

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14
Q

What is located directly below the prostate?

A

Bulbourethral (Cowper’s) gland

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15
Q

What does the bulbourethral (Cowper’s) gland secrete?

A

Mucus for lubrication and acid nutralisation

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16
Q

What is the size and shape of the prostate gland?

A

Walnut

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17
Q

What is the inferior surface of the prostate gland in contact with?

A

Levator ani

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18
Q

What are the two zones of the prostate?

A

Peripheral

Central

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19
Q

In which zone does cancer most commonly arise in the prostate?

A

Peripheral

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20
Q

What is the urethra called when it exits the prostate and enters the penis?

A

Spongy urethra

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21
Q

How long is the male urethra?

A

20cm

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22
Q

What are the two components of the male perineum?

A

Penis

Scrotum

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23
Q

What is the anatomical position of the penis?

A

Erect

Underside anterior

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24
Q

What are the three broad areas of the penis?

A

Root
Body
Glans

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25
Q

What is the opening in the penis called?

A

External urethral opening

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26
Q

What normally covers the glans?

A

Prepuce

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27
Q

What runs on the anterior surface of the penis?

A

Penile raphe

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28
Q

What does the penile raphe continue as?

A

Scrotal raphe

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29
Q

Where does the root of the penis attach to?

A

Ischium

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30
Q

How many cylinders of erectile tissue are there in the penis?

A

3

31
Q

What are the three erectile tissue cylinders in the penis?

A

R+L Corpus cavernosum

Corpus spongiosum

32
Q

Where are the corpus cavernosum found in the penis?

A

Posterior

33
Q

What do the corpus cavernosum transport?

A

Deep arteries of the penis

34
Q

Where is the corpus spongiosum found in the penis?

A

Anterior

35
Q

What is transported in the corpus spongiosum?

A

Spongy urethra

36
Q

What is the dividing line between pelvis and perineum?

A

Levator ani

37
Q

Which parts of the male repro tract are located in the pelvis?

A 
Prostate 
Seminal glands
Part of Vas
Inguinal canal
Cowper's gland
38
Q

What parts of the male repro tract are located in the perineum?

A

Penis
Testicles
Scrotum

39
Q

What is the most anterior organ in the pelvis?

A

Bladder

40
Q

What seperated the bladder from rectum?

A

Rectovesical pouch

41
Q

What lies directly below the bladder?

A

Prostate

42
Q

What is the trigone of the bladder?

A

Triangle of smooth looking tissue

43
Q

What makes up the three vertices of the bladder trigone?

A

2x ureteric orifices

Internal urethral orifice

44
Q

What makes up the bladder wall?

A

Detrusor muscle

45
Q

What does the internal urethral orifice do during ejaculation?

A

Contract

46
Q

Where do the testes originate during development?

A

Posterior abdo wall

47
Q

When do testes descend into the scrotum?

A

Before birth

48
Q

Where do the blood supply, drainage and lymphatics for the testes come from?

A

Abdomen

49
Q

What two types of nerve pass through the spermatic cord?

A

Autonomic- Vas D

Somatic- cremaster muscle

50
Q

What is the innermost lining on the scrotum called?

A

Tunical vaginalis

51
Q

What are the two layers to the tunica vaginalis?

A

Parietal

Visceral

52
Q

What is excessive fluid in the tunica vaginalis called?

A

Hydrocele

53
Q

What makes up the majority of the testicles?

A

Seminiferous tubules

54
Q

What do the seminiferous tubules do?

A

Produce sperm

55
Q

Where do sperm pass to from the seminiferous tubules?

A

Rete testis

56
Q

Where do sperm pass to from the rete testis?

A

Epididymis

57
Q

What are the two parts of the epididymis?

A

Head and tail

58
Q

Which part of the epididymis links to the vas deferens?

A

Tail

59
Q

How much cooler than the core body temp are the testicles?

A

~1 degree

60
Q

What muscle helps to regulate the temp of the testis?

A

Dartos muscle

61
Q

Typically how long are testis?

A

5cm

62
Q

What brain part plays an important role in regulating sperm production?

A

Pit gland

63
Q

Anatomically where should the epididymis be located?

A

Posteriorly

64
Q

Where do testicular arteries arise from?

A

Abdo aorta

65
Q

At what level do the testicular arteries branch from the aorta?

A

L2

66
Q

Where do the testicular veins drain to?

A

R to IVC

L to L renal A

67
Q

What happens in a vasectomy?

A

Vas deferens is cut and sutured closed

68
Q

What arteries supply the penis?

A

Deep arteries of the penis

69
Q

Where do the deep arteries of the penis arise from?

A

Internal pudendal A

70
Q

Where do internal pudendal arteries arise from?

A

Internal iliac A

71
Q

Where is blood supply to the scrotum from?

A

Internal pudendal A

External iliac A

72
Q

Where does lymph from the scrotum and penis drain to?

A

Superficial inguinal nodes

73
Q

Where does lymph from the testis drain to?

A

Lumbar nodes

Reproduction (8 decks)

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