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Reproduction T2 > Male Reproductive Anatomy > Flashcards

Male Reproductive Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

2 functions of the testis

A

Produce/transmission of spermatozoa. Production of reproductive androgen hormones.

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2
Q

Spermatozoa

A

Male genes

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3
Q

2 Compartments within the Testis

A

Seminiferous tubules and between the seminiferous tubules

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4
Q

What is held within the seminiferous tubules?

A

Sertoli cells. Spermatogenesis, or sperm development, takes place

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5
Q

What is held outside of the seminiferous tubules?

A

Leydig cells and androgens synthesized

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6
Q

Spermatogonia

A

Developing sperm cell

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7
Q

Function of the Sertoli cell

A

Moderates/control the production of sperm (spermatogenesis). All sertoli cells are linked by gap junctions.

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8
Q

3 phases of Spermatogenesis

A

Mitotic Proliferation, Meiotic Division, Cytodifferentiation (spermiogenesis)

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9
Q

What is Mitotic Proliferation

A

Diploid and genetically identical.

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10
Q

What is Meiotic Proliferation

A

Generates genetic diversity with the exchange of genetic material. Produces Haploid Cells. 2 rounds

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11
Q

What is produced in the first round of meiotic proliferation

A

Spermatocytes

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12
Q

What is produced in the second round of meiotic proliferation

A

Spermatids

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13
Q

Cytodifferentiation

A

Spermatogenesis. Change in morphology

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14
Q

3 epilayers of the Seminiferous Tubules

A

Adlumenal compartment, Basal compartment, Interstitial compartment

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15
Q

How is spermatogenesis coordinated

A

The sperm are developing at the same rate in a coordinated wave

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16
Q

Function of the Leydig Cells

A

Produce the androgen testosterone

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17
Q

Controls the ability to make sperm, become erect, produce accessory secretions, and initiate puberty

A

Dihydrotestosterone

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18
Q

Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis

A

GnRH produced/released in Hypothalamus. Sends GnRH to anterior pituitary. AP produced LH and FSH

19
Q

LH effect on male reproduction

A

LH stimulates leydig cells to produce testosterone and supports spermatogenesis

20
Q

FSH effect on male reproduction

A

FSH stimulates the production of androgen receptor proteins in the sertoli cells, which allows them to respond

21
Q

Boar taint

A

Testosterone making the meat taste weird

22
Q

Cremaster muscle

A

Pulls the testis up towards the body

23
Q

Pampiniform testis

A

The veins that wrap around the artery, taking the heat out of the artery to reach the testis at a much cooler temperature. Countercurrent temperature control

24
Q

Blood supply to the testis

A

Testicular artery, right and left testicular vein

25
Q

How long does the passage through the epididymis take?

A

10 days

26
Q

Epididymal Structure

A

Caput, Corpus, Cauda

27
Q

Epididymal Caput function

A

Head. Fluid from sertoli cells reabsorbed, sperm is concentrated.

28
Q

Epididymal Corpus function

A

Body. Modification of the environment and sperm mature

29
Q

Epididymal Cauda Funtion

A

Sperm Storage

30
Q

Epididymal Maturation in the Corpus

A

Condensation of nuclear chromatin. Depression of metabolic activity to prolong life. cAMP content of tail increases, allowing for motility

31
Q

What are sperm ejaculated in

A

Seminal plasma

32
Q

What produces seminal plasma

A

Accessory glands

33
Q

What are the Accessory glands

A

Prostate, seminal vesicle, ampulla, bulbourethral

34
Q

What determines the ejaculate volume?

A

Seminal plasma

35
Q

What does the Bulbourethral gland produce

A

Pre-ejaculate

36
Q

What accessory glands are absent in dogs

A

Ampulla and two seminal vesicles

37
Q

Two types of penises

A

Fibroelastic and musculovascular

38
Q

Animals that have the Fibroelastic Penis

A

Ram, bull, boar

39
Q

Erectile tissue of the fibroelastic penis

A

Corpus cavernosum and corpus spingeosum

40
Q

Animals that have the musculovascular penis

A

Stallion and human. Lacking sigmoid flexure

41
Q

Glans Penis

A

Highly specialized tip of the penis

42
Q

Male and Female Dog are “tied”

A

OS penis. Bulbus glandis forms the copulatory lock

43
Q

What is the OS penis

A

Bone within the glands penis

Reproduction T2 (6 decks)

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