Male physiology

Question 1

Spermatogenesis occurs across the

Answer 1

Seminiferous tubules

Question 2

The seminiferous tubules are formed by these and surrounded by these

Answer 2

Sertoli cells

Interstitial or Leydig cells

Question 3

The seminiferous tubules drain into this where sperm maturation and storage occurs

Answer 3

Epididymis

Question 4

Describe the negative feedback loop of male reproductive hormones:

Answer 4

Hypothalamus releases GnRH which stimulates the anterior pituitary to release LH and FSH. LH stimulates Leydig cells to produce testosterone. FSH stimulates Sertoli cells to initiate spermatogenesis and inhibin that acts in feedback inhibition.

Question 5

This is a steroid hormone that is required for sperm development as well as the development of male sexual characteristics

Answer 5

Testosterone

Question 6

Both activation of the sertoli and Leydig cells are required for this

Answer 6

Sperm maturation

Question 7

Mature sperm are term spermatozoa and the maturation process involves

Answer 7

1. Elongation of the cell
2. Formation of the acrosome
3. Mitochondria for ATP production
4. Flagellum develops for motility

Question 8

Testosterone stimulates

Answer 8

1. Erythropoiesis ( makes have higher hct than females)
2. Acts of vocal cords (deeper voice)
3. Behavioral characteristics (sex drive) depend on testosterone

Question 9

Sexual excitation leads to the release of this through this

Answer 9

Nitric oxide

Parasympathetic stimulation

Question 10

This involves the inability to achieve and maintain an erection sufficient to allow sexual intercourse

Answer 10

Erectile dysfunction

Question 11

This involves a spinal reflex stimulated by the sns that stimulates smooth muscle muscle contraction

Answer 11

Ejaculation

Question 12

What contracts at the base of the penis during the process of ejaculation?

Answer 12

Urethral smooth muscle and skeletal muscle

Question 13

This is the inflammation of the prostate due to a bacterial infection or other cause. It is the most common cause of recurrent urinary tract infections in men.

Answer 13

Prostatitis

Question 14

This is prostrate enlargement that can lead to urethral compression and cause urinary obstruction.

Answer 14

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 15

This is often adenocarcinoma in the posterior love of prostate gland and is considered a disease of aging.

Answer 15

Prostate cancer

Question 16

This occurs in young men ages 20-40 and is highly curable. Often characterized by the release of tumor cell markers (HCG, LDH, AFP) and are mainly germ cell tumors.

Answer 16

Testicular cancer

Question 17

This is a congenital disorder where one or both tested fail to descend into the scrotum.

Answer 17

Cryptorchidism

Question 18

This is a collection of fluid between the visceral and parietal layers of the tunica vaginalis of the testicle or along the spermatic cord.

Answer 18

Hydrocele

Question 19

Abnormal twisting of spermatic cord due to rotation of the testis or the mesorchium( a fold in area between testes and episidymis).

Answer 19

Testicular torsion

Question 20

Mass of dilated and tortuous varicose veins in the spermatic cord.

Answer 20

Varicocele