Male Genital System

Question 1

What is the congenital anomaly in which the urethra opens on the underside (ventral) of the penis? Urethra opening on the upper side?

Answer 1

Hypospadias

Epispadias

Question 2

What is cryptorchidism?

Answer 2

complete or incomplete failure of descent of one or both testes (10% of cases is bilateral).

Question 3

What is a condition in which tight foreskin can’t be pulled back over the head of the penis?

Answer 3

Phimosis

Question 4

What is local inflammation of the glans penis?

What is local inflammation of the glans penis AND prepuce?

Answer 4

Balanitis

Balanoposthitis

Question 5

What are some symptoms of Balanitis?

Answer 5

red, swollen, tender, and discharge

Question 6

What causes Balanitis?

Answer 6

STDs such as syphilis, gonorrhea, HIV, and herpes

Question 7

What is the most common STD affecting the glans penis?

Answer 7

HSV-2

Question 8

What is a chancroid caused by?

Answer 8

Haemophilus ducreyi

Question 9

What is Lymphogranuloma venereum caused by?

Answer 9

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 10

To whom do squamous cell carcinoma occur in?

Answer 10

uncircumcised males older the age of 40 infected with HPV 16 and 18

Question 11

What is carcinoma in situ most commonly caused by?

Answer 11

HPV 16

Question 12

What are the 3 forms of carcinoma in situ?

Answer 12

Bowen disease
Bowenoid papulosis
Erythroplasia of Queyrat

Question 13

What type of carcinoma is Bowen’s disease?

Answer 13

Intra epidermal squamous cell carcinoma

Question 14

What does Bowen’s disease look like on the shaft of the penis?

Answer 14

glossy, grayish-white plaque

Question 15

What is Bowenoid papulosis caused by?

Answer 15

Young, sexually active males who are infected with HPV

Question 16

What does Bowenoid papulosis look like?

Answer 16

brown papular lesions

Question 17

What is Erythroplasia of Queyrat caused by?

Answer 17

Bowen disease as a erythemaous patch on the glans penis

Question 18

What is Prader-Willi syndrome caused by?

Answer 18

abnormal chromosome 15

Question 19

What is a primary UTI that ascends to the testes through the vas deferens called?

Answer 19

nonspecific epididymitis

Question 20

What is a gonorrheal infection from urethra and prostate?

Answer 20

specific epididymitis

Question 21

What is fluid in the space between the two serous layers (layers of the tunica vaginalis) around testes due to infection or tumor called?

Answer 21

Hydrocele

Question 22

What is blood in the space between the two serous layers around testes called?

Answer 22

Hematocele

Question 23

What are more than 90% of testicular tumors characterized by?

Answer 23

germ cells

isochromosome p12

Question 24

What are the 2 categories of testicular tumors?

Answer 24

Germ cell tumors (95%)

non-Germ cell tumors

Question 25

What are large, soft, well-demarcated, rubbery firm usually homogeneous, gray-white, fleshy, tumors that accounts for 50% of testicular germ cell neoplasms

Answer 25

Seminoma

Question 26

What testicular germ cell tumor contains necrosis and hemorrhage and is positive for HcG and AFP

Answer 26

embryonal carcinoma

Question 27

What testicular germ cell tumor are small, non-palpable lesions with no testicular enlargement

Answer 27

Chorioncarcinoma

Question 28

What testicular germ cell tumor contains cysts, areas of cartilage, and differentiated tissues from one or more germ cell layers?

Answer 28

Teratoma

Question 29

What bacteria cause acute prostatitis? | How do you diagnose acute prostatitis?

Answer 29

E.coli enterococci staphylococci Diagnosis: by culture

Question 30

What bacteria cause chronic prostatitis? | How do you diagnose chronic prostatitis?

Answer 30

E.coli | Diagnosis: fluid positive of bacteria (culture)

Question 31

What is the most common prostatitis?

Answer 31

Chronic abacterial prostatitis

Question 32

What are the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia? (all due to compression of urethra)

Answer 32

nocturia dysuria starting stopping problems

Question 33

What is the 2nd most common cause of cancer death (behind lung cancer) for men?

Answer 33

Prostate tumors

Question 34

What accounts for the vast majority of all primary prostatic tumors (95% of prostate cancers)?

Answer 34

adenocarcinomas

Question 35

Where does adenocarcinoma develop?

Answer 35

acini of prostatic ducts

Question 36

Where on the prostate are 70% of the cancers shown? 20%?

Answer 36

70%: peripheral zone | 20% transitional zone

Question 37

What is Grade 1 Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN)?

Answer 37

Precancerous stage

Question 38

What is Grade 2 PIN?

Answer 38

medium sized differentiated tumors

Question 39

What is Grade 3 PIN?

Answer 39

fused glandular epithelium with large tumors

Question 40

What is Grade 4 PIN?

Answer 40

poorly differentiated

Question 41

How do you diagnose Prostate cancer? What is the normal value of serum PSA levels?

Answer 41

digital rectal exam, PSA serum, and AMCAR | Normal Serum PSA: 4.0ng/mL