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Systems Pathology 2 Final exam > Female Genital System > Flashcards

Female Genital System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common sexually transmitted infection?

A

HPV

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2
Q

How is HPV transmitted?

A

Through sexual contact via vaginal, anal, or oral.

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3
Q

How many different types of HPV have been identified?

A

over 120 types

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4
Q

Which strain of HPV accounts for 90% of high risk oral HPV infections?

A

HPV 16

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5
Q

What tests are used to diagnose HPV if genital warts is not present?

A

Pap test
DNA test
Vinegar test

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6
Q

What is the most common sexually transmitted infection IN WOMEN IN THE U.S.?

A

Chlamydia Trachomatis

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7
Q

What is the incubation period of Chlamydia trachomatis?

A

7-14 days

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8
Q

What are the symptoms of Chlamydia trachomatis?

A 
uncomfortable urination
frequent urination
vaginal spotting
yellow discharge
pelvic pain
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9
Q

What is the SECOND most common STI in women?

A

Neisseria Gonorrhea

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10
Q

What is the incubation period of Neisseria Gonorrhea? Symptoms?

A

3-5 days

Symptoms: same as Chlamydia

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11
Q

What are Candiasis’ acute lesions? Chronic?

A

Acute: Vaginal discharge (Leucorrhea)
Chronic: Grayish-White plaque (Leukoplakia)

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12
Q

How do you diagnose Candida Vaginitis?

A

History of discharge, vaginal soreness, urinary discomfort

Positive Whiff test - fishy odor

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13
Q

How do you diagnose Trichomonas Vaginalis

A

Extremely red cervix “Strawberry Cervix”

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14
Q

Which Herpes virus typically results in oral pharyngeal infection?

A

HSV-1

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15
Q

Which Herpes virus typically involves genital mucosa? and what is the order of frequency?

A

HSV-2

Cervix, vagina, vulva

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16
Q

What is Molluscum contagiosum?

A

poxvirus infection of the skin

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17
Q

What type of Molluscum contagiosum is most sexually transmitted?

A

MCV-2

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18
Q

What age are infections most common in Molluscum contagiosum?

A

between ages 2-12

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19
Q

How do you diagnose Molluscum contagiosum?

A

Identification of papules that contain inclusion bodies

20
Q

What is known as an infection and inflammation involving the entire genital tract

A

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

21
Q

What 2 STI bacterias are commonly found with PID?

A

Gonococcii and Chlamydia enteric bacteria

22
Q

What are some complications of PID?

A

Bartholin cysts and abscesses, peritonitis, bacteremia

23
Q

How do you diagnose Lichen Sclerosis?

A

thin, white patches on the vulva and labia

24
Q

What is Condylomata acuminata caused by?

A

HPV-6, 11

25
Q

What other name is also used for Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN)? What is it caused by?

A
  • Bowen Disease

- HPV 16, 18

26
Q

What is the second most common gynecological cancer in North America? What ages are most common?

A
  • Cervical Cancer

- Ages 30-50 years

27
Q

How is Cervical cancer diagnosed?

A

Pap test
Cervical exam
Tissue sample

28
Q

What is the condition where there is a growth of the basal layer of the endometrium?

A

Adenomyosis

29
Q

What are the symptoms of Adenomyosis?

A
  • menorrhagia
  • dysmenorrhea
  • pelvic pain
30
Q

What is characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma in other locations (outside the endomyometrium)

A

Endometriosis

31
Q

How do endometrial glands spread?

A
  • By menstrual back flow through the Fallopian tubes

- By vascular/lymphatic dissemination

32
Q

In Endometriosis, what color are the nodules? If Ovaries are infected, what are they known as?

A
  • red-blue to yellow-brown

- Chocolate cysts

33
Q

What is an excess of estrogen that will induce exaggerated endometrial proliferation?

A

Endometrial Hyperplasia

34
Q

What are the 2 forms of endometrial Hyperplasia?

A
  • Simple Hyperplasia (cystic hyperplasia)

- Complex Hyperplasia (adenomatous hyperplasia )

35
Q

To whom are seen with endometrial polyps?

A

patients who are on Tamoxifen

36
Q

What are fibroids that grow in the inner mucosa of the uterus?

A

Submucosa fibroids

37
Q

What are some complications of submucosal fibroids?

A
  • heavy menstrual bleeding

- may prevent implantation of embryo

38
Q

Who are more likely to have fibroids? and what hormones promote the growth of fibroids?

A
  • Black women

- estrogen and progesterone

39
Q

What is the most common tumor in females and is another name for fibroids?

A

Leiomyoma

40
Q

What are the most common locations of Leiomyoma?

A
  • Intramural = wall of uterus
  • Subserous = outside of uterus
  • Submucous = inside the uterus
41
Q

What is the most common invasive cancer in women? and when does it occur?

A

Carcinoma of Endometrium

-Ages 55-65, postmenopausal women

42
Q

What is a clinical manifestation of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease?

A

Hydatidiform mole

43
Q

What are the two types of gestational trophoblastic disease?

A 
Complete = all villi are edematous
Partial = some villi are edematous
44
Q

What is the most common type of ovarian cyst? and when does it form?

A

functional cyst

during the menstrual cycle

45
Q

What are the different types of functional cysts?

A

Follicle cyst = sac doesn’t break open to release egg

Corpus luteum cyst = fluid builds up after release of egg

Systems Pathology 2 Final exam (6 decks)

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