Malaria Flashcards
How much of Uganda were in a malaria outbreak in 2022?
During the first half of 2022 more than half the districts in Uganda were in outbreak for more than 10 weeks
How much of Uganda is at risk of Malaria?
Over 90%
What percentage of outpatient visits in Uganda are down to malaria?
30-50%
What Percentage of hospital emissions are due to malaria?
15-20%
In 2022 how many malaria cases were there?
Estimated 12.7 million
How many malaria deaths were there in uganda in 2022?
17,556
What’s the leading cause of death in Uganda?
Malaria
What is done as prevention in Uganda?
-Extensive testing on mosquitos
-Future plans- conduct studies on genetically modified mosquitoes
Why is the issue so bad in Uganda?
-Inadequate healthcare systems
- Very high malaria transmission intensity
- Inadequate understanding of malaria epidemiology
- Increasing resistance of parasites (mosquitos) to drugs.
Climate links to malaria in Uganda-
- Climate in Uganda offers stable year round malaria transmission with relatively little seasonal variation in most areas
- temperature around 22.8%
- more than 23 million people don’t have clean water- stagnant water offers breeding ground for mosquitos
What is malaria?
A life threatening disease which is transmitted to humans through bites of infected female mosquitos
What’s the cause of malaria?
By a single cell parasite. There are four types of malaria parasite
What are the symptoms of malaria?
Chills, sweating, dry cough, nausea, vomiting, spleen enlargement, fever, pack pain, headache
How many people are affected by malaria?
A child dies of malaria every two minutes.
2017- estimated 219 million cases of malaria across 87 countries
How much decrease was there in malaria between 2010-2017
18%
how does stagnant water influence malaria?
mosquitos breed in still bodies of fresh water, so ponds lakes and lagoons see higher incidence of malaria
How does seasonal variation influence malaria?
The length of a rainy season directly correlates to the length of malaria transmission season
how does altitude influence malaria?
Mountainous areas have less malaria as the temperature is lower
How does temperature influence malaria?
Parasites need 16-32° to develop in the mosquito so in tropics and sub tropics when temperatures are this all year, mosquitos thrive all year round
how does land use influence malaria?
Forested areas have high humidity and provide better breeding grounds
How does income influence malaria?
Those with higher incomes spend more on prevention methods such as nets and insecticides. Those with lower incomes cannot afford prevention or treatment
How does healthcare influence malaria?
Living further from hospitals/clinics and expense reduces the likelihood of seeking treatment or purchasing prevention methods
Malaria- impacts on health and well-being
Malaria is the leading cause of anaemia leading to poor growth and development. Pregnant women experience sever anaemia leading to low birth weight and higher risk of infant mortality.
Why are symptoms of malaria so problematic?
Malaria burdens local healthcare systems, it also costs Africa around 12 billion per year
