Malaria

Question 1

Explain why vaccination programs haven’t been able eradicate malaria

Answer 1

-Malaria has different causative species ( different plasmodium species have different antigens)
- Vector mosquitoes develop drug resistance
- Lack of willingness for people to be vaccinated
- lack of professional to vaccinate

Question 2

Suggest other factors other than lack of vaccines that could be causing malaria to be present in area P and not in area Q

Answer 2

• More waterbodies present in area q compared to area p, which the vector can breed in.
• Plasmodium in area Q must have develop drug resistance, as there are different causative species of plasmodium.
• Plasmodium in area Q must have developed insecticide resistance, hence preventative methods are failing
• Area Q must have more suitable humid climates for plasmodium to survive and breed in compared to area P

Question 3

Explain how malaria is transmitted

Answer 3

• vector is female anopheles mosquitoes
• vector takes blood from infected person
• mosquito inserts the plasmodium pathogen into the uninfected person

Question 4

Advantages of using test stripes for malaria

Answer 4

• cheap
• Requires less amount of time, faster results
• easy to use
• easily transported and distributed in bulk

Question 5

Discuss the factor that determine the global distribution of malaria

Answer 5

HABITAT:
- Anopheles mosquitoes require humid and warm climatic condition
- They require water bodies for breeding
RESISTANCE:
- insecticide resistance of mosquitoes
PREVENTION
- preventative measures not implemented by health authorities
IMMUNITY
- immunity to malaria in human population
PEOPLE
Migration of infected people