Enzymes

Question 1

Advantage of using small beads instead of large beads ( lactase question)

Answer 1

• small beads have larger surface area to volume ratio compared to larger beads, hence the reaction will be faster

Question 2

Explain the induced fit hypothesis

Answer 2

• active site isn’t fully complementary to the substrate
• active site change shape to fit substrate
• enzyme substrate complex forms
• active site returns to its normal shape after releasing the product

Question 3

How to calculate km

Answer 3

It is half of Vmax ( concentration )

Question 4

what are the 4 factors that affect the rate of enzyme activity

Answer 4

• enzyme concentration
• sustrate concentration
• Temperature
• pH

Question 5

reletionship between km and affinity , an enzyme has to its substrate

Answer 5

Higher the km, the lower the affinity the enzyme has for the substrate

Question 6

effect of low affinity of an enzyme to its substrate in a reaction

Answer 6

The enzyme may not catalyse the substrate into a product

Question 7

how to decrease competetive inhibition

Answer 7

increase substate concentration
-when there are more substrate present, the chances of the sustrate binding to the enzyme increases, in place of the competitor

Question 8

advantages of immobilising enzymes

Answer 8

• It allows recovery of the enzyme
• It allows reuse of the enzyme
• It prevents contamination of the product with the enzyme
• They are more tolerant of changes in temperature and pH, preventing them from denaturing easily