Major players

Question 1

Johannes Kepler

Answer 1

Task 1: worldviews
His three laws of planetary motion:
1. law of elliptical orbits
2. law of equal areas
3. something with the further a planet is the longer it takes an orbit which aided Newtons gravity thing
his transformation of orbits into ellipses in Copernicus universe made the heliocentric view simpler than the geocentric and thus aided in its power.

Question 2

Isaac Beeckman

Answer 2

Task 3: descartes
Mathematician who inspired/helped Descartes, introduced him to galileos ideas (primary and secondary sense properties -> dualism?).
- made a theory about atoms
- did something with pressure in a pipe (mechanicism)
- fundamental frequency of strings

Question 3

Georges Cuvier 1790

Answer 3

Task 4: darwinism
- comparative anatomy
- established extinction as a fact by fossils
- arranged animals into 4 groups instead of a linear system
- catastrophism in geology
Thus helped form Darwins ideas

Question 4

Stanley Hall 1900

Answer 4

founded american journal of psychology
founded APA
invited Freud to Clark university, thus popularized him in USA

Question 5

Clark Hull 1930

Answer 5

• tried to make a mathematical law with operational definitions to describe animal behaviour according to drives, motives, stimulus, response,
• behaviourist
• goal gradient effect
• drive concept: drive to maintain homeostasis guides behaviour and forms a habit

Question 6

Erik Erikson 1950

Answer 6

• developmental theory with 8 stages that could lead either in a virtue or a vice
• concept of identity crisis
• psychoanalist