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Bio Term 2 > Major Groups of Land Plants and Reproduction > Flashcards

Major Groups of Land Plants and Reproduction Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What arose independently in evolution many times? (in land plants)

A

alternation of generations

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2
Q

What are the generations of alternation of generations?

A

gametophyte (haploid, n)
sporophyte (diploid, 2n)
both are multicellular

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3
Q

What is the difference between alternation of generations and the regular process?

A

the haploid stage is unicellular not multicellular

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4
Q

what is the zygote produced by fertilization called?

A

sporophyte

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5
Q

what does a delay in the meiosis process for mitosis result in?

A

alternation of generations

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6
Q

What do gametophytes make?

A

gametes

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7
Q

what do sporophytes make?

A

spores

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8
Q

what process do sporophytes go thorugh to make spores? why?

A

meiosis because sporophytes are diploid

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9
Q

what process do gametophytes go through to make gametes, eggs and sperm? Why?

A

mitosis because gametophytes are haploid

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10
Q

What are the 4 out of the 10 divisions of land plants that we are going to focus on?

A

The mosses
The conifers
The ferns
The angiosperms

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11
Q

What division(s) of land plant has no vascular tissue?What does this result in?

A

the mosses, result in very thin, low growing plants,

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12
Q

What is the vascular system?

A

the xylem and the phloem

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13
Q

How do moss move water across itself, great distances, when it doesn’t have a vascular system?

A

The moss are so thin that no cell is very far from the moist surface level of the moss

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14
Q

how low growing are the mosses?

A

never taller than a few centimeters

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15
Q

do moss have leaves? why or why not?

A

no they don’t because they lack true vascular tissue

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16
Q

what is the dominant life cycle in the mosses?

A

the gametophyte, haploid life cycle

17
Q

where is the sporophyte located on the plant?

A

they grow out of the gametophyte

18
Q

are mosses homosporous or heterosporous and what does that mean?

A

mosses are homosporous, they only have one size of spore

19
Q

In mosses, what develops into the multicellular gametophyte?

A

the spores, some becoming female and some becoming male

20
Q

on the male side, what happens after the spore germinates?

A

it makes the male moss plant protonemata, then makes sperm (its gametes) through mitosis with the anthrerida (male jacketed sex organs)

21
Q

on the female side, what happens with the spore?

A

the spore divides making a gametophore, and developes into a gametophyte. The female jacket sex organs, archegonia, make an egg through mitosis

22
Q

How does fertilisation happen with moss?

A

drops of rain pick up the sperm made by anthrerida and lands on the female gametophyte where the egg is fertilized.

23
Q

What si the fertiliszed egg called (moss?

A

zygote, the new sporophyte

24
Q

What generation is the sporophyte

A

the new diploid generation?

25
Q

Does the new sporophyte seperate from the “mom” gametophyte?

A

no, junior, the new sporophyte, grows on momuntil he sticks out

26
Q

What is junior’s job? (the new sporophytes job?)

A

to make spores that are released, then junior dies, withering away

27
Q

Will more sporophytes develop on the gamteophyte?

A

Yes, once, in the future, new female sex organs, archegonia, develop

28
Q

what is the common plant name for the division pterophyta?

A

Ferns

29
Q

What does ptero mean?

A

feather or wing

30
Q

does the division pterophyta have true vascular tissue?what is it ?

A

yes, xylem and phloem

31
Q

is the division pterophyta homosporous or heterosporous?

A

homosporous

32
Q

is the division pterophyta sporophyte or gametophyte dominant?

A

sporophyte

33
Q

what is the definition of a sporangium?

A

a vessel that contains spores

34
Q

What makes an organism male or female from the bio definition?

A

if the organism is heterosporous, the ones with larger gametes are female and the others with the smaller gametes are male

35
Q

what are the three parts of a seed?

A

seed coat, embryo, nutrition

36
Q

what is an ovule?

A

the place where a seed develops

site of meiosis on a plant

37
Q

finissh this

A

finshied this

Bio Term 2 (7 decks)

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