Main cause of WWI

Question 1

The Theatre of Europe

Answer 1

Greater suffrage leading to a change in gov’ts in France, England, and Germany
- reliant on greater public support
- many liberal/socialist policies were being implemented
Greater involvement/public education leads to an atmosphere of nationalism 二十四字核心价值观
International conquest/technological achievements were used by gov’ts to create greater pride 华为

Question 2

Austro-Russian rivalry arose from?

Answer 2

1875

Question 3

Berlin Conference

Answer 3

• international conference to review the Balkan area and control
• Britain, France, Austria gained territory and Russia is left unhappy
• Slavic states unhappy with Austrian occupation

Question 4

Germany before WWI

Answer 4

• conservative
• Constitutional Monarchy
• Federation
• Parliament(Reichstag)
• Chancellor(Otto von Bismarck)
  Unsuccessfully pushed ‘Kulturkampf’
  没了Papal control of the Catholic church
  Policies initially driven by conservative and liberal ideals, but SPD influence pushed more socialist policies
  Welfare
  Pension
  Accident Insurance
  Bismarck knew a two front war, was not in Germany’s best interest

Question 5

When did Kaiser Wilhelm II forced Bismarck to resign

Answer 5

1890

Question 6

Germany - Imperialism

Answer 6

Berlin Conference 1884
Scramble for Africa
New Colonies in Africa/Asia
German East Africa
German West Africa
Cameron(Congo Area)
New Guinea(part of)/Samoa
KWII wants ‘A Place in the Sun’

Question 7

German - Militarism

Answer 7

Wanted to rival British Navy
Wanted bigger, strong, better equipped army than France
Invented/invested in the U-Boat
Would rely heavily on new technology like the machine gun and artillery

Question 8

巴黎公社 Paris Commune

Answer 8

• in response to France’s conservativism
• failed to carry out the dictatorship of the workers over the exploiters ruthlessly and swiftly enough
• Crushed by Gov’t forces

Question 9

Dreyfus Affair

Answer 9

• accusations made against a Jewish Captain in the military
• Lead to French gov’t severing ties with the catholic church no longer bankrolling the priests and bishops’

Question 10

France - Militarism

Answer 10

• France conscripted young men for military service
• Men were to serve at least 3 years
• Creates a society of well trained reserves

Question 11

Great Britain is…

Answer 11

• the most powerful country in regards to politics, economics and military(navy)
  Largely stayed isolationist in regards to European politics 在欧洲政治方面基本保持孤立主义
  Progressed towards greater democracy and social programing

Question 12

Was the britain government liberal or conservative

Answer 12

Liberal
PM David Lloyd George

Question 13

People’s Budget

Answer 13

Created greater social security for citizens
Did this by raising taxes on the rich

Question 14

What is the result of the power battle between britain House of Commons(elected) and House of Lords(not elected)

Answer 14

House of Commons began to win more and more power

Question 15

Ireland

Answer 15

Irish Republican Brotherhood (Fenians) -> Irish revolutionary movement -> lead to greater independence

Question 16

When did Ireland gained home-rule from HofC
Protestant north opposed home-rule with the majority catholic south

Answer 16

1913

Question 17

England - Militarism

Answer 17

largest navy in the world
Dreadnaught
Maxim Machine Gun
Armstrong Gun(Artillery)
Shrapnel Shells

Question 18

What is the problem of English military?

Answer 18

they were spread out protecting their assets around the world.

Question 19

Franz Joseph

Answer 19

Run Austria monarchy

Question 20

When did Austria establish Dual-Monarchy between Hungary and Austria
and describe them

Answer 20

1867
Both largely 【classical conservative】
Both countries had 【resistance from minority populations and the rise of nationalism】
【Not】 a major player in Imperialism (at least not outside of Europe)
No navy, army 陆军强海军弱 was more of their strength

Question 21

Dual Alliance with Austria&Germany (1879)

Answer 21

If Russia attacked they would aid one another

Question 22

Three Emperors league (1873-1890)

Answer 22

Russia, Austria, Germany
KWII lets alliance expire with Russia

Question 23

Triple Alliance (1882)

Answer 23

Italy joins Dual Alliance

Question 24

Triple Entente (1904)

Answer 24

England, France and Russia (1907)
England driven from isolation due to German competition

Question 25

英 vs. 德

Answer 25

Centred around:
Commercialization
Colonial Expansion
Militarisation

Question 26

What pushes England into an alliance with France

Answer 26

1905 - KWII declares Morocco (French Colonial Interest) neutral

Question 27

Mood of 1914

Answer 27

Militarism/nationalism lead countries/citizens to seek opportunities to 【prove dominance】
View of war was glorified at this time 战争好耶
Anti-war groups = anti-nationalists
Women’s groups
Pacifists
Socialists
Gov’t used war as a distraction from domestic issues
Attempt to create greater unity