Main cause of WWI Flashcards
The Theatre of Europe
Greater suffrage leading to a change in gov’ts in France, England, and Germany
- reliant on greater public support
- many liberal/socialist policies were being implemented
Greater involvement/public education leads to an atmosphere of nationalism 二十四字核心价值观
International conquest/technological achievements were used by gov’ts to create greater pride 华为
Austro-Russian rivalry arose from?
1875
Berlin Conference
- international conference to review the Balkan area and control
- Britain, France, Austria gained territory and Russia is left unhappy
- Slavic states unhappy with Austrian occupation
Germany before WWI
- conservative
- Constitutional Monarchy
- Federation
- Parliament(Reichstag)
- Chancellor(Otto von Bismarck)
Unsuccessfully pushed ‘Kulturkampf’
没了Papal control of the Catholic church
Policies initially driven by conservative and liberal ideals, but SPD influence pushed more socialist policies
Welfare
Pension
Accident Insurance
Bismarck knew a two front war, was not in Germany’s best interest
When did Kaiser Wilhelm II forced Bismarck to resign
1890
Germany - Imperialism
Berlin Conference 1884
Scramble for Africa
New Colonies in Africa/Asia
German East Africa
German West Africa
Cameron(Congo Area)
New Guinea(part of)/Samoa
KWII wants ‘A Place in the Sun’
German - Militarism
Wanted to rival British Navy
Wanted bigger, strong, better equipped army than France
Invented/invested in the U-Boat
Would rely heavily on new technology like the machine gun and artillery
巴黎公社 Paris Commune
- in response to France’s conservativism
- failed to carry out the dictatorship of the workers over the exploiters ruthlessly and swiftly enough
- Crushed by Gov’t forces
Dreyfus Affair
- accusations made against a Jewish Captain in the military
- Lead to French gov’t severing ties with the catholic church no longer bankrolling the priests and bishops’
France - Militarism
- France conscripted young men for military service
- Men were to serve at least 3 years
- Creates a society of well trained reserves
Great Britain is…
- the most powerful country in regards to politics, economics and military(navy)
Largely stayed isolationist in regards to European politics 在欧洲政治方面基本保持孤立主义
Progressed towards greater democracy and social programing
Was the britain government liberal or conservative
Liberal
PM David Lloyd George
People’s Budget
Created greater social security for citizens
Did this by raising taxes on the rich
What is the result of the power battle between britain House of Commons(elected) and House of Lords(not elected)
House of Commons began to win more and more power
Ireland
Irish Republican Brotherhood (Fenians) -> Irish revolutionary movement -> lead to greater independence
When did Ireland gained home-rule from HofC
Protestant north opposed home-rule with the majority catholic south
1913
England - Militarism
largest navy in the world
Dreadnaught
Maxim Machine Gun
Armstrong Gun(Artillery)
Shrapnel Shells
What is the problem of English military?
they were spread out protecting their assets around the world.
Franz Joseph
Run Austria monarchy
When did Austria establish Dual-Monarchy between Hungary and Austria
and describe them
1867
Both largely 【classical conservative】
Both countries had 【resistance from minority populations and the rise of nationalism】
【Not】 a major player in Imperialism (at least not outside of Europe)
No navy, army 陆军强海军弱 was more of their strength
Dual Alliance with Austria&Germany (1879)
If Russia attacked they would aid one another
Three Emperors league (1873-1890)
Russia, Austria, Germany
KWII lets alliance expire with Russia
Triple Alliance (1882)
Italy joins Dual Alliance
Triple Entente (1904)
England, France and Russia (1907)
England driven from isolation due to German competition
