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Physics > Magnetism > Flashcards

Magnetism Flashcards

1
Q

What are Magnetic Materials?

A

Magnetic Materials are materials which can be attracted to a magnet

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2
Q

Examples of Magnetic Materials

A

Iron, cobalt, nickel and their alloys

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3
Q

What are Non-Magnetic Materials?

A

Non-magnetic materials are not attracted by a magnet

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4
Q

Direction a suspended bar magnet will point in

A

A suspended bar magnet will always point in the North-South direction

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5
Q

Pole that points to the North is

A

North Seeking Pole

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6
Q

Pole that points to the South is

A

South Seeking Pole

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7
Q

True or false: The poles of the magnets are at the ends.

A

False. The distance between the
poles are about 5/6 th of the length of the magnet

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8
Q

What is the laws of magnetism

A

Like poles repel
Unlike poles attract

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9
Q

What is magnetic induction?

A

Magnetic induction is the process whereby an
object made of a magnetic material becomes a
magnet when it is near or in contact with a magnet.

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10
Q

What is the theory of magnetism?

A

States that if a bar magnet is cut up into 3 smaller pieces, each piece becomes a bar magnet, with N and S poles

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11
Q

What is a magnetic domain?

A

A magnetic domain consists of a group of atomic magnets pointing in the same direction

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12
Q

How does magnetisation occur?

A

The magnetic domains in an unmagnetised bar point in random directions. When a bar magnet is brought near the unmagnetised bar, the magnetic domains point in the same direction, producing magnetism. N and S poles of adjacent domains cancel each other out. The atomic magnets at both the ends are free. This produces N and S poles at the ends. The atomic magnets at the ends tend to fan out due to repulsion between the like poles.

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13
Q

Methods of magnetisation

A
  1. Stroking
  2. Electrical method using direct current
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14
Q

How to determine poles of a magnet (solenoid)

A

Use right hand grip rule
Fingers - direction of current flow
Thumb - direction of north pole

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15
Q

Purpose of demagnetisation

A

To cause magnetic domains to point in random directions

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16
Q

Demganetisation (heating)

A

When heated, the atoms of the magnet will vibrate vigorously and lose alignment. By letting the magnet cool in thge east-west direction, we can ensure that the domains do not realign

17
Q

Demagnetisation (hammering)

A

Hammering the magnet in the east-west direction alters the alignment of magnetic domains and causes magnet to lose magnetism.

18
Q

Last method of demagnetisation

A

Electrical method using an alternating current

19
Q

What are magnetic fields?

A

Region in which a magnetic object, placed within the influence of a field, experiences a magnetic force

20
Q

What is magnetic shielding?

A

Magnetic field lines from N pole pass through iron container instead of the air. Magnetic field lines exit from right side of iron container and enter S pole. This protects equipment that is placed within the container

21
Q

What are magnetic keepers?

A

Magnets tend to become weaker after some time if not stored properly, due to free poles at ends of magnet repelling one another. Soft iron keepers ensure that magnetic domains remain aligned in same direction

22
Q

Properties of soft magnetic materials

A

Easy to magnetise and demagnetise

23
Q

Examples of soft magnetic materials

A

Iron

24
Q

What are soft magnetic materials used to make?

A

Temporary magnets

25
Q

Properties of hard magnetic materials

A

Difficult to magnetise and demagnetise

26
Q

Examples of hard magnetic materials

A

Steel, alnico, neodymium

27
Q

What are hard magnetic materials used to make?

A

Permanent magnets

28
Q

Use of permanent magnets

A

Magnetic door catch of fridge ensures it is airtight

29
Q

Use of temporary magnets

A

Electromagnets, used to separate magnetic from non-magnetic materials in scrapyard

Physics (13 decks)

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