Magmatic Processes

Question 1

This magmatic process occurs when crystallization along the walls of the magma chamber in which crystals preferentially form and adhere to the edges.

Answer 1

Marginal Accretion

Question 2

Includes fractionation processes that occur when crystals develop with significantly different densities than the surrounding magma.

Answer 2

gravitational separation

Question 3

A process during fractional crystallization where the first dense minerals that mineralize sink and accumulate at the bottom of the magma body.

Answer 3

crystal settling

Question 4

A magmatic process during fractional crystallization where the first lighter minerals that mineralize FLOAT AND ACCUMULATE at the top of the magma body.

Answer 4

Crystal Flotation

Question 5

This process during magma
cooling occurs when the magma body is SUBJECTED TO STRESS, SQUEEZING off the melt from the magma body, leaving behind the concentrated crystalline mush.

Answer 5

Filter Pressing

Question 6

Occurs whereby liquids and crystals are segregated due to factors such as velocity, density, or temperature.

Answer 6

convective flow segregation

Question 7

Two or more dissimilar
magmas coexist BUT THEY RETAIN their distinctive characteristics.

Answer 7

Magma Mingling

Question 8

Thorough mixing of two
or more magmas, with the individual characteristics NO LONGER RECOGNIZABLE.

Answer 8

Magma mixing

Question 9

Differentiate magma mixing and mingling.

Answer 9

In magma mingling, magmas retain their individual characteristics (heterogeneous), while in magma mixing their distinct characteristics are no longer recognizable (homogeneous).

Question 10

Development of more than one type of igneous rock in situ from a common magma.

Answer 10

magmatic differentiation

Question 11

What is the incorporation and digestion of solid or fluid foreign materials, such as the wall rock?

Answer 11

Magmatic assimilation

Question 12

What is the xenolith?

Answer 12

xenoliths are inclusions in magmatic bodies, usually fragments of rock that originate from a surrounding rock, not the magma itself.

Question 13

One parent magma fractionates to produce two or more distinctly different daughter magmas with different compositions.

Answer 13

liquid fractionation

Question 14

Involves the selective diffusion of ions in the magma due to compositional, thermal or density gradients, and water content, that may play a role in the generation of metallic ore deposits in magmatic systems.

Answer 14

differential diffusion

Question 15

Also called liquid-liquid fractionation, it is the separation of magma into two or immiscible liquid phases. more distinct.
-when two distinct magmas come in contact but do not mix or blend.

Answer 15

liquid immiscibility