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MAD Flashcards

1
Q

Android has a significant market share in the mobile OS market. It’s used
by billions of people worldwide, making it a lucrative platform for developers
to reach a wide audience.

A

MArket Share

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2
Q

refers to the process of creating software
applications specifically designed to run on
Android-powered devices, such as smartphones
and tablets

A

Android mobile application development

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3
Q

*Release Date: September 23, 2008
*API Level: 1
*Notable Features:
* Basic smartphone functions like
calling, messaging, and web
browsing.
* Integration with Google services like
Gmail, Google Maps, and Google
Search.
* Support for third-party applications
through the Android Market.
* Limited customization options for
wallpapers and widgets.

A

Android 1.0

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4
Q

Release Date: February 9, 2009
*API Level: 2
*Notable Features:
* Bug fixes and minor updates.
* Improved Google services integration.

A

Android 1.1

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5
Q

Release Date: April 27, 2009
*API Level: 3
*Notable Features:
* On-screen keyboard with text
prediction.
* Video recording and playback.
* Widgets for the home screen.
* Copy-paste functionality.
* Bluetooth A2DP support.

A

Android 1.5 Cupcake

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6
Q

Release Date: September 15, 2009
*API Level: 4
*Notable Features:
* Improved Android Market with
screenshots and app descriptions.
* Voice and text search within the
system.
* Support for different screen sizes
and resolutions.

A

Android 1.6 Donut

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7
Q

Release Date: October 26, 2009 (2.0)
and January 12, 2010 (2.1)
*API Levels: 5-7
*Notable Features:
* Expanded support for various
screen sizes and resolutions.
* Enhanced camera features like
digital zoom and flash support.
* HTML5 support in the web browser.
* Microsoft Exchange email support.
* Introduction of live wallpapers.

A

Android 2.0-2.1 Eclair

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8
Q

Release Date: May 20, 2010
*API Level: 8
*Notable Features:
* Improved performance and speed.
* USB and Wi-Fi tethering.
* Adobe Flash support in the web
browser.
* Enhanced Microsoft Exchange support.
* Voice dialing over Bluetooth

A

Android 2.2 Froyo

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9
Q

Release Date: February 22, 2011 (3.0) and July
15, 2011 (3.2)
*API Levels: 11-13
*Notable Features:
* Specifically designed for tablets
with a tablet-centric user interface.
* Support for multicore processors.
* Improved task-switching and multitasking.
* Hardware acceleration for smoother
graphics.
* Redesigned keyboard and text selection

A

Android 3.0-3.2 Honey Comb

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10
Q

Release Date: October 18, 2011
*API Level: 14
*Notable Features:
* Unified user interface for smartphones
* and tablets.
* Enhanced multitasking and notifications.
* Face Unlock for device security.
* Introduction of Android Beam for
* NFC-based data sharing.

A

Android 4.0 Ice cream sandwich

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11
Q

Release Date: December 6, 2010 (2.3) and
February 9, 2011 (2.3.3)
*API Levels: 9-10
*Notable Features:
* Improved user interface with refined icons
and animations.
* Support for Near Field Communication
(NFC).
* Enhanced copy and paste functionality.
* Internet calling (VoIP/SIP) support.
* Native support for front-facing cameras.

A

Android 2.3 Gingerbread

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12
Q

*Release Date: July 9, 2012 (4.1), November 13,
2012 (4.2), and July 24, 2013 (4.3)
*API Levels: 15-18
*Notable Features:
* Google Now for personalized information
and assistance.
* Expandable notifications with
actionable tasks.
* Gesture-based typing.
* Restricted profiles for tablets.
* Bluetooth Smart (Low Energy) support.

A

Android 4.1-4.3 Jelly Bean

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13
Q

*Release Date: October 31, 2013
*API Level: 19
*Notable Features:
* Enhanced performance and lower
memory requirements.
* Integration of Google Now as a voiceactivated assistant.
* Immersive mode for full-screen apps.
* Built-in printing support.
* Caller ID and prioritized contact lists.

A

Android 4.4 kitkat

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14
Q

Release Date: August 22, 2016 (7.0) and
October 4, 2016 (7.1)
*API Levels: 24-25
*Notable Features:
* Multi-window mode for improved
multitasking.
* Improved notification system with direct
reply and bundled notifications.
* Quick Settings customization.
* Daydream VR platform introduced.
* Enhanced data saver mode.

A

Adnroid 7.0 - 7.1 Nougat

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14
Q

Release Date: November 12, 2014 (5.0) and
March 9, 2015 (5.1)
*API Levels: 21-22
*Notable Features:
* Material Design for a consistent and
visually appealing UI.
* Enhanced notifications with lock screen
notifications and prioritization.
* Battery-saving features with Project Volta.
* ART (Android Runtime) as the default
runtime for improved app performance.
* Multi-user support on tablets.

A

Adnroid 5.0-5.1 Lollipop

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15
Q

Release Date: October 5, 2015
*API Level: 23
*Notable Features:
* Runtime permissions for users to grant
permissions on-demand.
* Doze mode for improved battery life.
* App standby to reduce battery drain.
* Fingerprint sensor support.
* Native support for USB Type-C.

A

Android 6.0 marshmallow

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16
Q

*Release Date: August 21, 2017 (8.0) and
December 5, 2017 (8.1)
*API Levels: 26-27
*Notable Features:
* Picture-in-picture mode for video
playback.
* Notification dots for app notifications.
* Autofill framework for easier form filling.
* Project Treble for easier device
updates.
* Improved battery life management.

A

Android 8.0-8.1 Oreo

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16
Q

Release Date: August 6, 2018
*API Level: 28
*Notable Features:
* Gesture-based navigation system.
* Adaptive Battery and Adaptive Brightness
for smarter power management.
* Slices API for interactive and dynamic
app content.
* Digital Wellbeing features for screen time
tracking and app usage management.
* Enhanced security and privacy controls

A

Android 9.0 Pie

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17
Q

*Release Date: September 3, 2019
*API Level: 29
*Notable Features:
* System-wide dark mode.
* Enhanced privacy settings and
controls.
* Live Caption for real-time captions for
videos and audio.
* Gesture navigation system as the
default.
* Focus mode for reducing distractions.

A

Android 10 Q

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17
Q

Release Date: September 8, 2020
*API Level: 30
*Notable Features:
* Conversation notifications for better
communication management.
* Bubbles for multi-tasking with chat
apps.
* One-time permissions for enhanced
user privacy.
* Built-in screen recording.
* 5G support and improved device
control.

A

Android 11 Red vzelvet

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18
Q

Release Date: 2021
*API Level: 31-32
*Notable Features (features based on prerelease information; actual features may vary):
* Material You design for greater UI
customization.
* Improved performance and battery life.
* Enhanced privacy dashboard.
* Haptic feedback improvements.
* Improved support for foldable devices.

A

Android 12 Snow cone

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18
Q

a set of libraries written in C/C++ that developers
can use to access device functions and build efficient apps

A

Libraries

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18
Q

*Release Date: August 2022.
*API Level: 33
*Notable Features (features based on prerelease information; actual features may
vary):
* Opt-in permissions for notifications,
media, and locations.
* Android 13 has per-app language
settings.
* Dynamic Material You icons are
available on third-party apps.
* Android 13 adds a seven-day privacy
dashboard.

A

Android 13 Tiramisu

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18
Q

providing core system
services such as hardware abstraction, memory management, and process
management

A

Linux Kernel

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18
Q

provides high-level
services, such as activity management, user interface controls, and content
providers, that developers can leverage to build their apps.

A

Application Framework

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19
Q

is the runtime environment that executes
Android applications. It compiles app code into native code for improved
performance.

A

Android Runtime(ART)

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19
Q

represent the UI of an Android app. They manage user
interactions and typically correspond to screens or windows

A

Activities

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20
Q

background tasks that can run without a user interface.
They perform tasks like handling network requests or playing music in the
background.

A

Sevices

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21
Q

manage the app’s data and allow data
sharing between apps. They are often used to interact with databases or expose
data to other apps.

A

COntent Provider

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21
Q

: Android UIs are typically defined using XML files, which
describe the layout and appearance of screens.

A

XML Layout

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22
Q

listen for system-wide broadcast
messages or intents. They allow apps to respond to events like incoming calls or
battery low warnings

A

Broadcast receivers

23
Q

test their apps on various virtual devices with different configurations.

A

Android Emulator

23
Q

the primary platform for
distributing Android apps to users. Developers need to follow Google’s
guidelines for app submission.

A

Google Playstore

24
Q

are used to
organize the app’s UI into screens and components.

A

Activities and fragments

25
Q

are used to
organize the app’s UI into screens and components.

A

Activities and fragments

26
Q

Android provides a wide range of UI widgets, such as
buttons, text fields, and image views, that developers can use to build
the app’s interface.

A

Widgets

27
Q

designed to support a wide range of devices, from
smartphones and tablets to smart TVs and IoT devices, making it a
versatile platform for both developers and users.

A

Android Architecture

27
Q

, the world’s most popular mobile operating system

A

Android

28
Q

a crucial component of the Android operating system,
serving as the core layer that interacts directly with the hardware and provides
essential services and functionality.

A

Linux KErnel

29
Q

. It acts as an intermediary between the hardware components of
the device (such as the CPU, memory, storage, and input/output devices) and
the higher-level software layers.

A

Hardware Abstraction

30
Q

It controls how memory is allocated to
processes and ensures that one process cannot interfere with the memory
of another.

A

MEmory MAnagement

31
Q

It ensures that processes and applications can only access
resources and perform actions for which they have proper permissions.

A

Security and Permission

31
Q

s a critical task of the Linux Kernel. It handles the
creation, scheduling, and termination of processes.

A

Process Management

32
Q

software components that enable communication
between the Kernel and hardware devices.

A

Device Driver

32
Q

features in the Kernel are essential for optimizing
battery life on mobile devices

A

Power management

33
Q

The Linux Kernel supports various file systems, including Ext4 (the default for Android), FAT, NTFS, and more. This support is crucial for managing storage devices and file access by applications.

A

File system support

34
Q

Android applications often need to communicate with one another

A

Interprocess Comunication

35
Q

is a subset of the OpenGL graphics rendering API. It allows
Android to leverage hardware acceleration for 2D and 3D graphics rendering

A

OpenGL ES

35
Q

is a lightweight relational database management system. It is integrated into Android as a platform library and provides a structured and efficient way to store and retrieve data for
Android applications.

A

SQ Lite

35
Q

the Linux Kernel can be configured to support real-time features in embedded and specialized
systems, where precise timing and predictability are essential

A

Real Time Features

36
Q

an open-source web rendering engine.

A

Webkit

37
Q

consists of platform libraries and services for handling multimedia content, including audio and video playback, recording, and streaming.

A

Media Framework

38
Q

responsible for managing the display subsystem in Android. It enables the composition and rendering of graphical elements on the screen.

A

Surface Manager

39
Q

is a C library developed specifically for Android. It provides a subset of the standard C library functions tailored to the needs of the Android platform

A

Bionic Library

40
Q

These libraries provide secure communication over the internet by implementing encryption

A

SSL(Secure Socket Layer)

41
Q

where application bytecode is compiled
into native code during installation, further enhancing app performance.

A

AOT (Ahead of time)

42
Q

compilation approach to convert application bytecode into native machine code at runtime, which improved execution speed

A

JIT(Just In Time)

43
Q

s responsible for executing Android applications

A

Android RUntime

44
Q

layer sits on top of the lower layers and
provides a rich set of abstractions and services for application development.

A

Application Frameowrk

45
Q

Enables data sharing between applications and manages
access to structured data, allowing apps to securely interact with each other’s
data.

A

Content Provider

45
Q

Manages the lifecycle of applications and provides a
framework for user interface management, such as handling the creation and
navigation of app screens.

A

Activity Manager

46
Q

: Handles non-code resources like images, strings, and
layout files, making it easier for developers to manage app resources.

A

Resource Manager

47
Q

Manages and displays notifications to the user,
providing a consistent way for apps to alert users about events or messages.

A

Notification manager

48
Q

Manages user interface components such as layouts, views, and
widgets, enabling the creation of visually appealing and interactive user interfaces.

A

View system

48
Q

Provides access to location-based services and GPS functionality
for location-aware applications.

A

Location manager

49
Q

Manages the installation, update, and removal of applications on
the device, ensuring a secure and organized app ecosystem

A

Package Manager

50
Q

: Provides access to telephony-related services for voice and
data communication, facilitating mobile communication apps

A

Telephony Manager

51
Q

developed
specifically for a particular operating system,
making full use of its features and capabilities.

A

NAtive app

52
Q

essentially mobile
websites that can be accessed through a
browser, but they can also be saved to the home
screen for quick access.

A

Web App

53
Q

combine
elements of both native and web
applications.

A

Hybrid App

54
Q

web applications
designed to provide a native app-like
experience on the web

A

Progressive Web App

54
Q

developed
using frameworks that enable code sharing across
multiple platforms, such as Android and iOS

A

Cross-Platform App

55
Q

enable users to
connect through voice, video, and text-based
messaging. They often include features like
voice and video calls, group

A

Communication app

55
Q

are designed
primarily for entertainment purposes.

A

Gaming app

56
Q

facilitate
communication and interaction among users

A

Social Media App

57
Q

offer a wide range
of content for leisure and enjoyment.

A

Entertainment App

IAS (7 decks)

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