Comnet Lec Flashcards
Refers to the process of
conveying a message
(information) from sender to a
receiver through a medium.
Communication
It is the exchange of thoughts,
messages, or information as by
speech, signals, writing or
behavior
Communication
Refers to the process of transmitting electronic
information of any type including television
pictures, sounds, facsimiles and data in the form of
electronic signals or impulses
Telecommunication
The electronic transmission of signals for
communications, including such means as:
Telephone
Radio
Television
Telecommunication
It is the transfer of information from
one computer to another over a
communication link
Data Communication
Refers to the process of sending
digital information (usually in binary
form meaning the message is in the
zeros (0) and ones (1) only) from one
device to another
Data Communication
Is an interconnection of usually passive
electronic components that performs a specific
function to simulate a transmission line or to
perform a mathematical function such as
integration or differentiation
Network
Is the construction, design, and use of network
including the physical (cabling, hub, bridge,
switch, router, and so forth), the selection and
use of telecommunication protocol
NEtworking
computer software for using and managing the
network and the establishment of operation
policies and procedures related to the network
for the purpose of sharing resources
Networking
5 benefits of Networking
Benefits of Networking
1. Resource Sharing
2. High Reliability
3. Efficiency
4. Cost-Effectiveness
5. Access to powerful communication
medium
The main goal of networking is to share resources,
that is, to make all files or data, programs and
equipment available to anyone in the network
regardless of the physical location of the resources
and user.
Resource Sharing
Data loss (e.g. cause by power failure), can be
prevented in networking by replicating data from
one computer to another or having a back-up for
high-reliability is also known as Fault-Tolerance)
High Reliability
Networking is output-driven. It gives you the
advantage of producing the maximum output in
the quickest time possible.
Efficiency
which is one of
the main reasons why most companies are into
networking already, is being “cost-effective”.
Imagine the money that a company can save upon
having a network.
Cost- effectiveness
Having a network in a company also makes
employees produce effective outputs with
minimum time and efforts exerted.
Efficiency
One of the amazing benefits that
networking brought about is being able to
communicate across the world anytime
and almost anywhere
Access to powerful communication Medium
Three Major Types
of Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
Wide Area Network (WAN)
It is a collection of two or more
computers that are located within a
limited distance of each other and that
are connected to each other, directly or
indirectly.
Local Area Network (LAN)
It is the basic building block of any
computer networks
Local Area Network (LAN)
include some type of
telecommunications components
and activity to handle long-distance
transmissions.
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
It is a network with a
maximum range of about 75
kilometers (45 miles) or so, and with
high speed transmission
capabilities.
Metropolitan Area Network
is a network that connects users across large
distances, often crossing the geographical
boundaries of cities or states.
Wide Area Network
It has no geographical limit
Wide Area Network
It can connect computers and other devices on
opposite sides of the world
Wide Area Network
It is made up of interconnected LANs
Wide Area NEtwork
6 Basic Elements of
Networking
Network Media
2. Network Interface Card
3. Network Connectivity Devices
4. Networking Standards
5. Networking Protocols
6. Network Operating System
Also known as the “Transmission Media” or
“Physical Media”
Network Media
Another term for network media
Transmission Media or Physical Media
Also known as “Network Adapter” or “LAN Card”
Network Interface Card
could be classified generally
as either wired network media or wireless
network media.
Network Media
Refers to the medium over which signals can
travel in a network.
Network Media
Refers to an adapter card that plugs into the
motherboard of a computer and allows the
computer to send and receive signals on a network
through the network media.
Network Interface Card
Refers to the hardware that is used to expand
networks
Network Connectivity Devices
another term for Network Interface Card
Network Adapter
Refers to the different networking standards
formulated by the standardizing bodies, which are
the International Standards Organization (ISO) and
the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE).
Networking Standards
This include network interface cards, modems,
hubs, repeaters, bridges and routers
Network Connectivity Devices
What does IEEE stands for?
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
What does ISO standds for?
International Standards Organization
Refers to rules and procedures for communicating.
Networking Protocols
are the rules and technical
procedures governing the communication and
interaction of several computers in a network.
Networking Protocols
3 Roles of a computer
in a network
Server
● Client
● Peer
Computers that provide shared resources to network users
Server
it is a generic term to all computers that provide
services of whatever type, services such as File, Print, Internet,
Login or Authentication, etc
Server
Computers that access shared network resources
Client
Computers that function as client and server
Peer
Another term for Server based network
Domain Model
2 Types of Network
Configuration
Peer-to-Peer Network
Server-based Network
Another term for Peer to Peer Network
Workgroup Model
A network in which the computers are
managed independently of one another
and have equal rights for initiating
communication with each other, sharing
resources and validating users
Peer-to-Peer Network
There are no dedicated servers, and there is
no hierarchy among computers
Peer-to-Peer Network
Administration is decentralized making the
user of a specific computer responsible for
his/her own computer’s security.
Peer-to-Peer Network
A network in which computers can
either be a server or client
Server-Based Network
Computer’s security, storage, and
other resources are managed
centrally using servers, thus,
making the administration
centralized
Server-Based Network
In category of size, Not more than 10 PC because if more,
Bandwidth will be an issue
*There will be too much
traffic if more than 10 PC
PEER-TO-PEER
NETWORK
In category of cost, it is Less expensive
PEER-TO-PEER
NETWORK
In category of security, it is Less security
PEER-TO-PEER
NETWORK
In category of OPERATING
SYSTEM, it requires Desktop Operating
System
PEER-TO-PEER
NETWORK
In category of ADMINISTRATION, it is Decentralized
PEER-TO-PEER
NETWORK
SIZE : *Has more than 10 PC
*Has specialized Server
*Has branded servers
Server-Based Network
Cost: Expensive
Server-Based Network
Security: Very tight security
Server-Based Network
Operating system: Network Operating
System
Server-Based Network
administration: *centralized
Server-Based Network
From the Greek work topos meaning place
Topology
Is the arrangement of elements of
communication network
Topology
Schematic description of the arrangement
of network elements
Topology
Standard term that network professionals
use when they refer to the network’s basic
design
Topology
Either physical or logical structure of a
network
Topology
Refers to the arrangement or physical layout of the
computers, cables and other components in the network
Physical topology
The path that signals actually take around the network
LOgical Topology
Describes the flow of data through the network
Logical topology
Oftentimes referred to as “linear bus”
because all nodes are connected in a
straight line.
BUs topology
All computers are connected to one
another in a closed loop.
Ring topology
All devices are connected to a central
cable called the bus, trunk or backbone
Bus Topology
All network devices are connected into a
single concentrating device
Star topology
All network devices are connected into a
single concentrating device called?
HUB
is a component attached to each
end of the cable to absorb free signals.
terminator
When a computer sends data along the
cable, the message flows around the ring
in one direction only.
ring topology
one of the methods used to transmit
data in the ring topology.
Token Passing
There is no need for terminators because
there is no end to the ring.
Ring topology
a special series of bits that is generated and is passed
along the network until a computer that has a need to transmit
data makes use of the token.
Token
requires complex,
redundant links between each device in
the network.
mesh topology
is distinguished by having
direct connection to all other devices in the
network
Full Mesh topology
has direct connection to
other devices but not all
PArtial mesh topology
combines the
characteristics of both the star and bus
topologies
Tree topology
It uses several star topology networks
connected through a single backbone.
Tree topology
incorporates both Star and
Ring Networks.
star ring topology
another term for star ring topology
star wired topology
Combines multiple different topologies
and the resulting topology doesn’t fall
into basic topology definitions.
Hybrid topology
