Macromolecules of the cell - Nucleic acids structure and function

Question 1

Whats the main role of dna in the cell ?

Answer 1

Is the long term storage of information

Question 2

What is DNA ?

Answer 2

Genetic instructions for the development and function of living things

Question 3

What are the 3 structure of DNA ?

Answer 3

1- BASE
2- PHOSPHATE
3- SUGAR - deoxyribose

Question 4

What is a nucleoside ?

Answer 4

Name given to a base linked to a sugar

Question 5

What is chargaffs 1st rule ?

Answer 5

That in any double-stranded DNA molecule, and by extension any organism possessing double-stranded DNA: the amount of guanine should be equal to the amount of cytosine and the amount of adenine should be equal to the amount of thymine.

Question 6

What are the 3 types of DNA ?

Answer 6

1. SINGLE STRANDED DNA -
   Some viruses
2. DOUBLE STRANDED LOOP -
   Viruses, bacteria, mitochondria, chloroplasts
3. DOUBLE STRANDED LINEAR -
   Most eukaryotic cells double stranded

Question 7

what is a chromatin ?

Answer 7

DNA plus protein

Question 8

What is the 5 differences between DNA and RNA ?

Answer 8

1. RNA is less stable
2. RNA is single-stranded
3. Therefore RNA can fold into a variety of shapes
4. RNA is required for protein synthesis
5. RNA also has structural, regulatory and catalytic roles

Question 9

What is mRNA ?

Answer 9

1. Many hundreds of different types in each cell
2. Each only as a few copies
3. Very few uncommon bases

Question 10

What is tRNA ?

Answer 10

1. Smallest RNA - 75-90 nucleotides
2. Contains 10 percent uncommon bases
3. Many types within the cell, each in multiple copies
4. Common structure called - cloverleaf structure