Macromolecules Of Life Flashcards
1
Q
Carbohydrates
A
Important source of energy (sugars).
- monosaccharides
- disaccharides
- polysaccharides
2
Q
Monosaccharides
A
Three groups of monosaccharide; mono, di, polysaccharides
- glucose (blood sugar)
- fructose (fruit sugar)
- galactose (milk sugar)
3
Q
Disaccharide
A
(Dehydration synthesis)
- sucrose (table sugar)
- lactose (milk sugar)
- maltose (bread/beer making)
4
Q
Polysaccharide
A
(Dehydration synthesis)
- starch (plant sugar)
- glycogen (animal storage)
- cellulose (plant fibre)
- chitin (exoskeleton)
5
Q
Proteins
A
Builds structural components such as skin and hair
Functions
- contractile
- storage
- defence
- transport
- signals
- enzymes
6
Q
Lipids
A
Fats/oils
Waxes
Steroids
7
Q
Fats/oils
A
Made of glycerol and fatty acid chains
3 types
- saturated fats: butter, lard coconut oil
- monosaturated: olive oil, peanut oil
- polysaturated: avocado oil, salmon oil
8
Q
Waxes
A
Long chain of fatty acid, acts as a water proof coating on leaves, feathers and fur.
9
Q
Steroids
A
Made of four linked rings of carbon atoms
10
Q
Dehydration synthesis
A
Water is a product
Ex. Glucose + glucose -> maltose + H2O
11
Q
Hydrolysis reaction
A
Water is a reactant
Glycogen + water -> glucose + glucose + glucose
12
Q
Enzymes
A
Speed up reactions to break down good into usable material
