Macromolecules (no Carbohydrates) Flashcards
What are the four types of carbon based macromolecules?
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
Carbon can form into ____ kinds of major compounds in living organisms
four
Carbon can form into what four kinds of major compounds in living organisms?
carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins
Lipids are generally not soluble in water because they are…
hydrophobic (don’t like water)
Lipids are mostly made from what two atoms?
carbon and hydrogen atoms
What are lipids linked by since they are made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms?
non-polar covalent bonds
Lipids can be used to store…
long term energy (fats)
Fats are formed when a glycerol molecule combines with compounds called…
fatty acids
When a glycerol molecule combines with three fatty acids, they form compounds called…
a triglyceride (or “fat”)
If there is at least one C=C double bond in a fatty acid, it is…
unsaturated
Lipids whose fatty acids contain more than one C=C double bond are…
polyunsaturated
If each carbon atom in a lipid’s fatty acid chain is joined to another carbon atom by a single bond, the lipid is said to be…
saturated
Lipids that contain unsaturated fatty acids tend to be liquid at what temperature?
room temperature
Proteins are macromolecules that contain…
nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Proteins are polymers of molecules called…
amino acids
Different amino acids are strung together through a dehydration reaction making…
peptide bonds
