Macromolecules In a Biological System

Question 1

macromolecules

Answer 1

a molecule that contains a large number of atoms makes up 25% of body

Question 2

how much % water is the human body?

Answer 2

70%

Question 3

four types of small molecules

Answer 3

sugars, fatty acids, amino acids and nucleotides

Question 4

polysaccharides

Answer 4

type of macromolecule. carbohydrate polymers made of many sugar molecules

Question 5

protiens

Answer 5

type of macromolecule molecules composed of amino acids joined by peptide bonds

Question 6

nucleic acids

Answer 6

type of macromolecule. long molecules made of nucleotides; DNA and RNA

Question 7

Polymer

Answer 7

A substance composed of similar units bonded together

Question 8

Monomers

Answer 8

molecules that can bond to similar or identical molecules to form a polymer

Question 9

how are macromolecules built

Answer 9

by linking together small subunits called monomers

Question 10

sugars make _____ macromolecules

Answer 10

polyscharides

Question 11

proteins are made by what monomer

Answer 11

amino acids

Question 12

nucleotide monomers make what macromolecules

Answer 12

nucleic acids

Question 13

Covalent Bond

Answer 13

a chemical bond in which electron pairs are shared between atoms

Question 14

dehydration reaction/condensation reaction

Answer 14

a chemical reaction between two molecules in which a water molecule is released and a covalent bond forms; often requires an input of energy; polymers are built as a result of this reaction

Question 15

an input of _____ drives monomers together to create _____

Answer 15

energy

macromolecules

Question 16

non covalent bonds are ______ to form spontaneously and also ______ easily

Answer 16

weak enough

break

Question 17

carbohydrates

Answer 17

sugars and starches which the body breaks down into glucose

Question 18

hydrolysis reaction (opposite of dehydration reaction)

Answer 18

a chemical reaction in which water molecule cleaves a covalent bond to form two products; monomeric subunits of polymers are cleaved from a polymer by this reaction

Question 19

enzyme

Answer 19

a substance produced by a living thing that acts as a catalyst. A catalyst that speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy in cells most enzymes are proteins

Question 20

DNA and RNA are what times of macromolure

Answer 20

Nucleic acids

Question 21

lipids are build by

Answer 21

dehydration reaction which does not use monomers

Question 22

types of carbohydrate

Answer 22

glucose
cellulose
starch

Question 23

what is ATP

Answer 23

type of nucleotide