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TEAS Science Section > Compare and contrast chromosomes genes and dna > Flashcards

Compare and contrast chromosomes genes and dna Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid information molecule; for next generation and blueprint for maintaining cellular functions

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2
Q

gene

A

a sequence of DNA that is the basic unit of heredity/that a cell can use

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3
Q

mitosis

A

cell division in eukaryotes that produces two daughter cells, each with the same chromosome number as the parent cell.

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4
Q

meiosis

A

specialized cell division used to create haploid gametes in diploid organism.

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5
Q

monomer of DNA is?

A

nucelotides

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6
Q

phosphodiester bond

A

a covalent bond that links two nucleotides together in a nucleic acid molecule

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7
Q

four nitrogenous bases

A

adenine
thymine
guanine
cytosine

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8
Q

polynucleotides

A

two long strands of nucleotides

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9
Q

adenine only hydrogen bonds with_______

A

thymine

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10
Q

Guanine only hydrogen bonds with

A

cytosine

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11
Q

where is most of human DNA kept?

A

nucleus a small amount is in the mitochondria

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12
Q

genome

A

a complete set of genetic information in a cell

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13
Q

how many unique chromosome do humans have

A

46

23 from each parent

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14
Q

chromosomes

A

a structure made of protein and one molecule of DNA/long double helix of DNA

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15
Q

tRNA

A

transfer RNA

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16
Q

rRNA

A

ribosomal RNA

17
Q

codons

A

triplets of nucleotides that code for amino acids

18
Q

genetic code

A

the set of 64 codons that specify the 20 amino acids

19
Q

complementary strand

A

a molecule of RNA (or a strand of DNA) synthesized from a complementary template strand.

20
Q

chromatid

A

one of the two duplicate of a chromosome formed during the cell cycle

21
Q

the sequence of amino acids in a gene is used to make an mRNA copy which is read by a ribosome to make a chain of bases that fold into a protien

A

DNA. RNA. Protein

TEAS Science Section (14 decks)

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