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AP Biology > Macromolecules and Water Quiz > Flashcards

Macromolecules and Water Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

What are monomers of carbohydrates?

A

Monosaccharides

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2
Q

Give examples of monosaccharides.

A

Fructose, glucose, galactose

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3
Q

What are multiple units of carbohydrates?

A

Polysaccharides

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4
Q

Give examples of polysaccharides.

A

Maltose, sucrose, lactose, starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin

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5
Q

What types of bonds form between polysaccharides?

A

Glycosidic linkages

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6
Q

How do glycosidic linkages form?

A

Condensation reactions

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7
Q

What type of lipids are liquid at room temperature?

A

Unsaturated fatty acids

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8
Q

What type of lipids are solid at room temperature?

A

Saturated fatty acids

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9
Q

What is the difference between unsaturated and saturated fatty acids?

A

Unsaturated fatty acids have bends caused by double bonds in their chains, and saturated fatty acids are straight.

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10
Q

What are the three types of multiple units of lipids?

A

Triclyglycerols, phospholipids, and steroids

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11
Q

What type of bonds form triclyglycerols?

A

Ester linkages

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12
Q

What types of bonds form phospholipids?

A

Hydrogen bonds

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13
Q

What are lipids made of?

A

Glycerol and fatty acid chains

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14
Q

What are examples of triclyglycerols?

A

Saturated/unsaturated fats, adipose

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15
Q

What are examples of phospholipids?

A

Cell membrane

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16
Q

What are examples of steroids?

A

Cholesterol

17
Q

What are proteins made of?

A

Amino group, carboxyl group, side chain, and a hydrogen

18
Q

What is the monomer unit of a protein?

A

Amino acids (peptide)

19
Q

What is the polymer unit of protein

A

Polypeptide

20
Q

What type of bonds form proteins?

A

Peptide bonds which form from dehydration reactions

21
Q

What are examples of proteins in the body?

A

Muscle cells, hemoglobin, ligaments, hormones, insulin, and enzymes

22
Q

What are nucleic acids made of?

A

Sugar, phosphate, base

23
Q

What is the monomer unit of nucleic acids?

A

Nucleotides

24
Q

What are the polymer units of nucleic acids?

A

DNA and RNA

25
Q

What are purines?

A

Guanine and adenin

26
Q

What are pyrimidines?

A

Thymine and cytosine

27
Q

What type of bonds hold together multiple nucleotides?

A

Phosphodiester linkages

28
Q

What is the first structure of proteins?

A

Primary structure - amino acid chain

29
Q

What is the second structure of proteins?

A

Secondary structure - amino acid chain with bends and twists

30
Q

What is the third structure of proteins?

A

Tertiary structure - secondary structure all clumped together

31
Q

What is the fourth structure of proteins?

A

Quaternary structure - more than 1 tertiary structure all clumped together

32
Q

What is another name for a condensation reaction?

A

Glycosidic reaction

AP Biology (11 decks)

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