Macrocytic anaemia Flashcards

1
Q

What is macrocytic anaemia?

A

An anaemia (low Hb) with unusually large cells (high MCV> 100fL)

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2
Q

What are the risk factors of macrocytic anaemia?

A
> Vegan diets
> Other dietary causes
> Gastrectomy
> IBD/ AI (pernicious)
> Cancer
> Alcohol
> Liver disease
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3
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of macrocytic anaemia?

A
Weakness
paleness
exhaustion
redness or swelling of the tongue (glossitis)
diarrhea
low appetite
depression
confusion
infertility
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4
Q

What is the epidemiology of macrocytic anaemia?

A

Macrocytosis affects 2% to 4% of the population, 60% of whom have anemia. Alcohol use accounts for the majority, followed by deficiencies in folate and vitamin B12 and medications.

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5
Q

What investigations would you do for macrocytic anaemia?

A

> FBC
Anti-IF antibodies
Anti parietal cell antibodies

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6
Q

What is the management of macrocytic anaemia?

A

> B12/ folate supplementation (e.g. injection)
Diet
Alcohol cessation

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7
Q

What are the complications of macrocytic anaemia?

A

These complications can include permanent damage to your nervous system. Extreme vitamin B-12 deficiencies may cause long-term neurologic complications. They include peripheral neuropathy and dementia.

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8
Q

What is the prognosis of macrocytic anaemia?

A

> Pretty good

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