Lymphoma Flashcards
What is hodgkins lymphoma?
Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL), also referred to as Hodgkin’s disease, is an uncommon haematological malignancy arising from mature B cells.
What is non hodgkins lymphoma?
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHL) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies of the lymphoid system.
What are the risk factors of hodgkins lymphoma?
> EBV > FHx > young adults from higher socioeconomic class > HLA types > Jewish ancestry
What are the risk factors of non hodgkins lymphoma?
> Age >50 yrs > Male > Immunocompromised > EBV > HTLV-1 > HHV8 > H pylori > Coeliac disease > HIV > HCV > Sjorgen's syndrome > Wiskott Aldrich > Ataxia- telangiectasia
What are the signs and symptoms of hodgkin’s lymphoma?
> lymphadenopathy > fever > night sweats > weight loss > dyspnoea > cough > chest pain > SVC obstruction > abdominal pain > generalised pruritis > alcohol induced pain > hepatomegaly/ splenomegaly > Tonsillar enlargement
What are the signs and symptoms of non-hodgkin’s lymphoma?
> Night sweats > Weight loss > Fatigue/ malaise > fever > lymphadenopathy > splenomegaly
What is the epidemiology of hodgkins and non hodgkins lymphoma?
HL is an uncommon malignancy. In the UK, there were 2086 new cases of HL between 2014 and 2016.
In the UK, 13,682 people were diagnosed with NHL in 2015.
What investigations would you do for hodgkins lymphoma?
> FBC (low Hb/ plt)
Metabolic panel (normal)
ESR (high)
CXR (mediastinal mass/ lymphadenopathy)
PET-CT (bright spots)
gallium scan (nright spots)
Contrast CT neck/ chest/ abdo/ pelvis (enlarged lymph nodes)
Excisional lymph node biopsy (Hodgkins cells)
immunohistochemical studies
What investigations would you do for non hodgkins lymphoma?
> FBC (pancytopenia) > blood smear (left shift and nucleated RBC) > lymph node biopsy (pos) > skin biopsy (pos) > bone marrow biopsy (pos) > basic metabolic panel > liver function tests (elevated) > LDH (elevated)