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EES 150 > MA 201 Exam 1 > Flashcards

MA 201 Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are elements?

A

Objects

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2
Q

What’s a set?

A

A group of objects

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3
Q

What’s the listing method?

A

A method where you list out every method

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4
Q

Listing method example

A

A= {1,2,3,4}

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5
Q

What type of brackets do you use in a set?

A

Squiggly brackets

{ }

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6
Q

2 ways of describing sets

A

Listing method and set-builder notation

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7
Q

What’s the set-builder notation?

A

A notation where you have a placeholder variable and a defining quality of the elements of the set

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8
Q

Set-builder notation example

A 
A= {1,2,3,4}
A= {x | x is a whole number from 1 to 5}
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9
Q

What’s a null set?

A

AKA empty set

A set with no elements

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10
Q

How is the null set denoted?

A

{ } or (do not) sign

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11
Q

What does it mean for sets to be equal?

A

If and only if they have the same elements

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12
Q

Does order matter in an equal set?

A

no

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13
Q

What’s cardinality?

A

The number of unique elements of the set

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14
Q

Characteristics of sets

A

Finite

Infinite

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15
Q

Finite cardinality?

A

Is where you can say exactly how many elements a set contains

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16
Q

What’s a natural number?

A

The set of all cardinalities of nonempty finite sets

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17
Q

What’s a whole number?

A

The set of all cardinalities of finite sets

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18
Q

1-to-1 correspondence

A

When 2 sets have the same cardinality

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19
Q

What’s a subset?

A

If and only if a set has every element in another set

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20
Q

What’s the denotation of a subset?

A

An underlined sideways union

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21
Q

Subset characteristics

A

.2 equal sets are subsets of each other

.The null set is a subset of every set

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22
Q

What’s a proper subset?

A

A set that’s a subset which does not contain at least on element of it’s parent set

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23
Q

How is a proper set denoted?

A

A sideways union

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24
Q

What’s a way to talk about inequalities?

A

By cardinalities of sets

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25
Q

What’s a numeral?

A

Any collection of symbols used to represent a number

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26
Q

What’s the base-ten system?

A

A positional numeral system based on powers of ten

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27
Q

What’s a positional numeral system?

A

A system in which the value of a digit depends on its position or value

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28
Q

Expanded form of a number

A

Writing out a number based on its place values

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29
Q

What’s the decision digit?

A

The digit after the given place value

30
Q

Number line characteristics

A

.Tic marks represent whole numbers at regular intervals
.Numbers increase from left to right
.Arrows are drawn to represent that the number line never ends

31
Q

What systems do other cultures use?

A

Base-b systems

b is a number

32
Q

What are base-b systems?

A

Numeral systems that have different symbols foe each power of b

33
Q

What’s the positional value in base-b systems?

A

ones, bs, b^2s, b^3s,…

34
Q

Binary numeral system

A

Base: 2

Only uses 0 and 1

35
Q

Hexadecimal numeral system

A

Base:16

Uses 0-9 & A-F

36
Q

The Mayan numeral system

A 
Base: 20
Uses symbols: dots, lines, & football
Is vertical
       400s
       20s
       1s
37
Q

Reflexive property

A

A whole # equal itself

38
Q

Symmetric property

A

The order of the equality of the while #’s doesn’t matter

39
Q

Transitive property

A

2 whole #’s that are equal to the same whole #

40
Q

Non-positional numeral system

A

The symbols in a numeral can be placed anywhere and still retain the same value

41
Q

Ancient Egyptian numeral system

A

Base:10

Non-positional

42
Q

Roman numeral system

A

.Equal or decreasing value are added

.Increasing value are group and the lower value is subtracted form the higher value

43
Q

Roman numeral

A 
,I=1
.V=5
.X=10
L=50
.C=100
.D=500
.M=1000
44
Q

What does union mean?

A

The two sets is the set of everything either in one set or the other

45
Q

What’s the cardinality of a union?

A

The sum of cardinalities of the original sets

46
Q

What are addends?

A

’s that are being added

47
Q

What’s the sum

A

A # that results from an addition problem

48
Q

Commutative property of addition

A

The sum of 2 #’s doesn’t depend on the order of the addends

49
Q

Associative property of addition

A

The sum of #’s doesn’t depend on the grouping of addends

50
Q

Additive identity property

A

The sum of any # with the additive identity is the original #

51
Q

What’s the additive identity?

A

0

52
Q

Number line model of addition

A

Go the # of the first addend starting at 0 and then continuing to a # by moving the number of units to the right of the first addend until you move the # of units of the second addend

53
Q

Standard algorithm of addition

A

Regrouping

54
Q

Expanded algorithm of addition

A

Writing the answer of each place value sum

55
Q

What’s the inverse operation of addition?

A

Subtraction

56
Q

What’s a subtrahend?

A

The # that the minuend is subtracted from

57
Q

What’s a minuend?

A

The number that’s being added to the subtrahend

58
Q

What’s the difference?

A

AKA missing addend

.The minuend-subtrahend

59
Q

Take-away method

A

Draw a pic & x out the elements you don’t need anymore

60
Q

Number line model of subtraction

A

Go right the # of units the minuend is starting at 0 then go left at the stopping point of the minuend.

61
Q

Base-ten blocks of subtractions

A

Start with the minuend and then remove the subtrahend.

62
Q

Austrian algorithm of subtraction

A

Subtract in each place value. If not enough in that position, place a 1 between the relevant columns

63
Q

What’s multiplication?

A

n*a= a+a+a+…+a

64
Q

What’s a product?

A

The answer of the multiplication problem

65
Q

What are factors?

A

The #’s of a multiplication problem

66
Q

Multiplicative identity property

A

a*1=a

67
Q

Zero multiplication property

A

a*0=0

68
Q

What are the factors of an area model?

A

Length & width

69
Q

What is the product of an area model?

A

area

70
Q

Expanded algorithm of multiplication

A

Multiply each place value of one number by each in the other.
Use place value positions

71
Q

What’s the inverse operation of multiplication?

A

Division

EES 150 (5 decks)

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