M6S1: Plants and Animals Reproduction

Question 1

The biological process by which new plants are produced from existing ones.

Answer 1

Plant Reproduction

Question 2

Plants can reproduce through two main methods, what is it?

Answer 2

Sexual Reproduction and Asexual Reproduction

Question 3

Plants involves the fusion of male and female gametes (pollen and ovule) to form a zygote, which develops into a seed

Answer 3

Sexual Reproduction

Question 4

In key structures involved:

____: Reproductive organs of flowering plants, where pollination occurs

Answer 4

Flowers

Question 5

In key structures involved:

____: Male gamete produced by the anthers

Answer 5

Pollen

Question 6

In key structures involved:

____: female gamete contained within the ovary

Answer 6

Ovule

Question 7

Process in Sexual Reproduction:
_____: transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma, which can be facilitated by wind, water, or animals

______: pollen tube grows down the style, allowing the sperm to reach and fertilize the ovule

_______: fertilized ovule develops into a seed, and the ovary matures into a fruit

Answer 7

Pollination, Fertilization, Seed Formation

Question 8

In plants occurs without the fusion of gametes, producing offspring genetically identical to the parent plant

Answer 8

Asexual Reproduction

Question 9

Common Methods of Asexual Reproduction in Plants:
_______ - new plants grow from parts of the parent plant, such as roots

________: new plant grows from a bud on the parent plant

________: new plants form from fragments of the parent plant

Answer 9

Vegetative Propagation, Budding, Fragmentation

Question 10

The fertilized ovules that develop into new plants. They contain the embryo and a food supply, encased in a protective seed coat

Answer 10

Seeds

Question 11

Can occur through sexual reproduction, involving the fusion of male and female gametes

Answer 11

Animal Reproduction

Question 12

Involves internal or external fertilization, leading to genetic diversity in offspring

Answer 12

Sexual Reproduction in Animals

Question 13

fertilization occurs inside the female’s body

Answer 13

Internal Fertilization

Question 14

______ (dogs, humans, cats): offspring develop inside the mother’s womb

_______ (chickens, eagles): eggs are fertilized internally, then laid

_________ (snakes, turtles): fertilized eggs are often laid in protective environments

Answer 14

Mammals, Birds, Reptiles

Question 15

What is the advantage of Internal Fertilization?

Answer 15

higher chances of fertilization and protection of the developing embryo

Question 16

fertilization occurs outside the body, typically in water

Answer 16

External Fertilization

Question 17

______ (frogs): eggs are laid in water, and sperm is released over them

_____ (salmon, trout): female lays eggs in water, and male fertilizes them externally

Answer 17

Amphibians, Fish

Question 18

What is the advantage of external fertilization?

Answer 18

allows for the production of a large number of offspring

Question 19

What is the disadvantage of external fertilization?

Answer 19

lower chances of survival due to predators and environmental conditions

Question 20

Specialized Reproductive Strategies

• some animals (earthworms, certain fish) possess both male and female reproductive organs

Answer 20

Hermaphroditism

Question 21

Specialized Reproductive Strategies

• embryos develop inside the mother and are born live (most mammals)

Answer 21

Viviparity

Question 22

Specialized Reproductive Strategies

• eggs are laid and develop outside the mother’s body (birds, reptiles)

Answer 22

Oviparity

Question 23

Specialized Reproductive Strategies

• eggs develop inside the mother’s body, but there is no direct nourishment from the mother (some species of sharks and snakes)

Answer 23

Ovoviviparity

Question 24

Includes methods like budding, fragmentation, and parthenogenesis, resulting in genetically identical offspring

Answer 24

Asexual Reproduction in Animals

Question 25

A form of asexual reproduction where a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular site. It is found in animals like hydra and some coral species

Answer 25

Budding

Question 26

It occurs when an organism breaks into two or more fragments, each of which develops into a complete individual. It is seen in starfish and planarians

Answer 26

Fragmentation

Question 27

A type of asexual reproduction where an egg develops into an individual without being fertilized by a sperm

Answer 27

Parthenogenesis

Question 28

What are the advantages of Asexual Reproduction in Animals?

Answer 28

Faster Reproduction No Need for a Mate Less Energy-Intensive

Question 29

What are the disadvantages of Asexual Reproduction in Animals?

Answer 29

Lack of Genetic Diversity Limited Evolutionary Potential