M4 Flashcards
general term to describe any atom that is connected by bond
molecule
molecule that is made of atoms from different elements
compound
relationship of molecule and compound
all compounds are molecules, but not all molecules are compounds
if the electronegativity is low
electrons transfer to others
if electronegativity is high
atom gain/attract electrons
measure of the ability of an atom to attract bonding pairs of electrons
electronegativity (EN) (X)
developed numerical scale of electrons
Linus Pauling
what happen to electronegativity from left to right of periodic table
increases
what happen to electronegativity from top to bottom
decreases
energy released when an electron is incorporated into an atom
electron affinity
tendency of individual atom to attract electrons
electronegativity
observe the formation of very 1st noble gas compound
Neil bartlett
very 1st noble gas compound
xenon tetrafluorine (XeFu)
where does electronegativity depends
- atomic size
- number of inner shell electrons
- nuclear charge
formula of electronegativity difference
EN = EN1 - EN2
the force that binds 2 or more atoms together
chemical bonding
chemical bonding needs _______ which refers to the ability of atoms to attract pairing electrons
electronegativity
electrons at the outermost shell of any atom are called
valence electrons
what group in the periodic table has the same valence electrons
vertical group
mission to become stable and achieve octet state
valence electrons
octet state of valence electrons
8 ve
diagrams that represent the valence electrons of atoms within a molecule
lewis dot structure / electron dot diagram
2 types of chemical bonding
- ionic bonding
- covalent bonding
result from the attraction between oppositely charged ions
ionic bonding
what do you call the positively charge element in ionic bond
cation
what do you call the negatively charge element in ionic bond
anion
a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons and same value of valence electrons
covalent bonding
types of covalent bonding
- polar covalent
- non polar covalent
unequal sharing of electrons
polar covalent
equal sharing of electrons
non polar covalent
the type of bond using electronegativity difference
- 0-0.5 non polar covalent bonding
- 0.6 - 0.19 polar covalent bonding
- 2.0 above ionic bond
0 - 0.5 electronegativity difference
non polar covalent bonding
0.6 - 1.9 electronegativity difference
polar covalent bonding
2.0 and above
ionic bond
