m1 Flashcards

1
Q

branch of astronomy that studies the origin and evolution of universe

A

cosmology

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2
Q

studies non-living systems

A

physical science

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3
Q

3 cosmic stages

A

bigbang nucleosynthesis
stellar formation and evolution
stellar explosion/SUPERNOVA

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4
Q

formed light elements (H, HE LI)

A

bigbang nucleosynthesis

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5
Q

formed elements heavier than Be to Fe (form stars)

A

stellar formation and evolution

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6
Q

formed elements heavier than Fe

A

stellar explosion/ SUPERNOVA

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7
Q

how many yrs since bigbang explode

A

13.8 billion yrs ago

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8
Q

elements in bigbang

A

H, He, Li

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9
Q

first light element

A

H and He

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10
Q

explain how elements originally formed

A

bigbang

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11
Q

inflation and expansion of universe

A

bigbang

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12
Q

stages of bigbang

A
  • singularity
  • inflation
  • nucleosynthesis
  • recombination
  • annihilation
  • redshift
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13
Q

a time where universe was infinity hot and dense
- created from “nothing”

A

singularity

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14
Q

theory of exponential expansion of space
- inflationary lasted for 10^-36 seconds

A

INFLATION

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15
Q

process of creating new atomic nuclei from pre-existing nucleons (protons and neutrons)

A

nucleosynthesis

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16
Q

1 proton
1 neutron

A

deuterium

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17
Q

1 proton
2 neutron

A

tritium

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18
Q

1deuterium
1 neutron

A

tritium

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19
Q

2 proton
2 neutron

20
Q

1 tritium
1 proton

21
Q

changed electrons and protons and first become bound to form electrically neutral hydrogen atoms

A

recombination

22
Q

light energy

23
Q

negatively charge

24
Q

positively charge

25
reaction which particle and antiparticle collide and disappear = release energy = light
annihilation
26
antihydrogen consists of
positron + antiproton -
27
displacement of spectral lines (red waves) toward longer wavelengths in radiation from distant galaxies and celestial object
redshift
28
long waves
red waves
29
short waves
blue waves
30
star moving away
red shifted
31
star not moving
blue shifted
32
smallest unit of matter - have all properties of an element
atom
33
composed of smaller subatomic particles such as protons, neutron, and electrons
atom
34
atom consists of
electron, proton, neutron, nucleus
35
calculate for mass number
atomic number + neutron number
36
calculate for neutron number
mass number - atomic number
37
atomic number aka
number of protons
38
number of proton = number of electron
if atom is neutral
39
number of proton + neutron
atomic mass
40
atomic number is equal but atoms mass is different
isotope
41
reason of different atomic mass
of neutron
42
isotopes of hydrogen
protium 1h deuterium 2h tritium 3h
43
a positively or negatively charged particle
ion
44
Ions with a positive charge are called
cation
45
Ions with a negative charge are called
anion
46
more proton
positively charged
47
more electron
negatively charged