m1 Flashcards
branch of astronomy that studies the origin and evolution of universe
cosmology
studies non-living systems
physical science
3 cosmic stages
bigbang nucleosynthesis
stellar formation and evolution
stellar explosion/SUPERNOVA
formed light elements (H, HE LI)
bigbang nucleosynthesis
formed elements heavier than Be to Fe (form stars)
stellar formation and evolution
formed elements heavier than Fe
stellar explosion/ SUPERNOVA
how many yrs since bigbang explode
13.8 billion yrs ago
elements in bigbang
H, He, Li
first light element
H and He
explain how elements originally formed
bigbang
inflation and expansion of universe
bigbang
stages of bigbang
- singularity
- inflation
- nucleosynthesis
- recombination
- annihilation
- redshift
a time where universe was infinity hot and dense
- created from “nothing”
singularity
theory of exponential expansion of space
- inflationary lasted for 10^-36 seconds
INFLATION
process of creating new atomic nuclei from pre-existing nucleons (protons and neutrons)
nucleosynthesis
1 proton
1 neutron
deuterium
1 proton
2 neutron
tritium
1deuterium
1 neutron
tritium
2 proton
2 neutron
helium
1 tritium
1 proton
helium
changed electrons and protons and first become bound to form electrically neutral hydrogen atoms
recombination
light energy
photon
negatively charge
electron
positively charge
protons
reaction which particle and antiparticle collide and disappear = release energy = light
annihilation
antihydrogen consists of
positron +
antiproton -
displacement of spectral lines (red waves) toward longer wavelengths in radiation from distant galaxies and celestial object
redshift
long waves
red waves
short waves
blue waves
star moving away
red shifted
star not moving
blue shifted
smallest unit of matter
- have all properties of an element
atom
composed of smaller subatomic particles such as protons, neutron, and electrons
atom
atom consists of
electron, proton, neutron, nucleus
calculate for mass number
atomic number + neutron number
calculate for neutron number
mass number - atomic number
atomic number aka
number of protons
number of proton = number of electron
if atom is neutral
number of proton + neutron
atomic mass
atomic number is equal but atoms mass is different
isotope
reason of different atomic mass
of neutron
isotopes of hydrogen
protium 1h
deuterium 2h
tritium 3h
a positively or negatively charged particle
ion
Ions with a positive charge are called
cation
Ions with a negative charge are called
anion
more proton
positively charged
more electron
negatively charged