M2

Question 1

a process in which one or more nuclides are produced from the collisions between two atomic nuclei or one
atomic nucleus and a subatomic particle

Answer 1

Nuclear reaction

Question 2

A nuclide before disintegration is called a

Answer 2

parent nuclide

Question 3

a nuclide after disintegration is called a

Answer 3

daughter nuclide

Question 4

are processes in which a nucleus either combines with another nucleus
(through nuclear fusion) or splits into smaller nuclei (through nuclear fission).

Answer 4

nuclear reactions

Question 5

processes in which a nucleus combines with another nucleus

Answer 5

nuclear fusion

Question 6

nucleus splits into smaller nuclei

Answer 6

nuclear fission

Question 7

a process by which the nuclei of a nuclide
emit alpha, beta, or gamma rays.

Answer 7

radioactive decay

Question 8

property exhibited by
certain types of matter emitting energy and subatomic particles spontaneously

Answer 8

radioactivity

Question 9

a type of radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle (helium nucleus) and thereby transforms or ‘decays’ into a different atomic nucleus, with a mass number that is reduced by four and an atomic number that is
reduced by two.

Answer 9

alpha decay

Question 10

alpha (α) particle also known as

Answer 10

helium nucleus

Question 11

alpha decay, an unstable
nucleus releases

Answer 11

2 neutrons
2 protons

Question 12

a type of radioactive decay in which a beta particle (fast energetic electron or positron) is emitted from an atomic nucleus, transforming the original
nuclide to an isobar (each of two or more isotopes of different elements, with the same atomic mass).

Answer 12

Beta decay

Question 13

a fast energetic
electron or positron

Answer 13

beta particle

Question 14

each of two or more
isotopes of different elements, with the same
atomic mass

Answer 14

isobar

Question 15

In _________ of an unstable nucleus, a neutron suddenly changes to a proton, releasing an electron, a ghostly, low mass particle called a neutrino (not pictured), and energy!

Answer 15

beta decay

Question 16

The released electron come from the

Answer 16

inside of nucleus

Question 17

The released electron did
not come from outside the
nucleus. It came from inside the nucleus. It is called

Answer 17

beta (β) particle

Question 18

a type of radioactivity in which some unstable atomic nuclei dissipate excess energy by a spontaneous electromagnetic process. This often happens after alpha or beta decay has
occurred. Since only energy is emitted during
gamma decay, the number
of protons remains the same.

Answer 18

gamma radiation

Question 19

what is the only one emitted during gamma decay

Answer 19

energy

Question 20

electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 20

Radio
Microwave
Infrared
Visible Light
Ultraviolet
X-rays
Gamma rays

Question 21

In gamma decay, an unstable nucleus releases a high energy form
of electromagnetic radiation (light)
called a

Answer 21

gamma particle (γ) or gamma ray

Question 22

also known as primordial nucleosynthesis, is the process of producing light elements during the Big Bang expansion.

Answer 22

Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

Question 23

Big Bang Nucleosynthesis aka

Answer 23

primordial nucleosynthesis

Question 24

Big Bang Nucleosynthesis yields

Answer 24

• 2 stable isotopes of hydrogen
• 2 isotopes of helium
• lithium atoms
• beryllium isotopes

Question 25

An American cosmologist who was able to prove the process of BBN through his calculations on the proportions of protons and neutrons present in the early universe.

Answer 25

Ralph alpher

Question 26

he was able to predict that elements such as hydrogen and helium can be formed

Answer 26

ralph alpher

Question 27

an isotope of hydrogen, as first formed from the fusion of a proton and a neutron, accompanied by the emission of high-energy photon

Answer 27

deuterium

Question 28

deuterium releases

Answer 28

gamma

Question 29

aka hydrogen-3, was produced from the fusion of deuterium nuclei and a release of a proton

Answer 29

tritium

Question 30

tritium aka

Answer 30

hydrogen-3

Question 31

tritium releases/emits

Answer 31

proton

Question 32

an isotope of helium with one neutron and two protons, was formed from the fusion of two deuterium and a release of neutron

Answer 32

helium-3

Question 33

tritium produced from

Answer 33

fusion of 2 deuterium nuclei and a release of a proton

Question 34

helium-3 produced from

Answer 34

fusion of two deuterium nuclei and a release of neutron

Question 35

helium-3 emits/releases

Answer 35

neutron

Question 36

can be synthesized from deuterium and helium-3

Answer 36

helium-4

Question 37

can be formed when deuterium fuses with tritium atom and releases neutron

Answer 37

helium-4

Question 38

helium-4 can be formed by

Answer 38

deuterium and helium-3 releases proton fussion of deuterium and tritium atom and release of neutron

Question 39

when deuterium and helium-3 fused it emits/releases

Answer 39

proton

Question 40

when a deuterium fuses with tritium it releases

Answer 40

neutron

Question 41

an unstable nucleus with three protons and four neutrons, was produced from the nuclear fusion of helium-4 and tritium

Answer 41

lithium-7

Question 42

lithium -7 was produced from

Answer 42

nuclear fusion of helium-4 and tritium

Question 43

decayed naturally to form two stable helium nuclei

Answer 43

lithium-7

Question 44

was produced from helium-3 and helium-4

Answer 44

beryllium-7

Question 45

beryllium-7 releases/emits

Answer 45

gamma

Question 46

beryllium-7 also reacts with a neutron and decays to the unstable lithium-7, with the subsequent release of a

Answer 46

proton