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AHE 110 > M3 Part B > Flashcards

M3 Part B Flashcards

Cardiovascular System

1
Q

apex

A

pointed end of the heart

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2
Q

atrium

A

the two smaller upper chambers of the heart, receive blood from the veins

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3
Q

septum

A

a wall or partition dividing a space, often vertically

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4
Q

ventricle

A

the two larger lower chambers of the heart, pump blood into the arteries

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5
Q

endocardium

A

innermost layer including the valves; a thin, smooth lining for blood to travel on

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6
Q

epicardium

A

the outer layer of the heart

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7
Q

myocardium

A

between the endocardium and epicardium, the middle layer consisting of cardiac muscle tissue

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8
Q

pericardium

A

outermost fibrous sac enclosing the heart

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9
Q

coronary

A

the arteries that supply the heart with its own oxygen

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10
Q

pulmonary

A

moves blood through the lungs

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11
Q

aorta

A

largest artery in the body, exits left ventricle

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12
Q

vena cava

A

largest vein in body, carries de-oxygenated blood into the heart

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13
Q

capillary

A

smallest blood vessels, size of hair, where O2/CO2 exchange takes place

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14
Q

anemia

A

a condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, hemoglobin, or total volume

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15
Q

aneurysm

A

a bulge or sac formed on an artery or vein, dangerous and can potentially burst

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16
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

artery wall thickening

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17
Q

atherosclerosis

A

fatty plaque buildup on the inside wall of arteries, causing stiffness; leads to hypertension, heart attack, or stroke

18
Q

CHF

A

congestive heart failure; poor blood pumping, shortness of breath, retention of fluids/edema

19
Q

CAD

A

coronary artery disease; caused by atheroclerosis, risk for heart attack if blood flow is affected

20
Q

embolism

A

the condition of a blood vessel being blocked by an embolus

21
Q

embolus

A

traveling piece of material such as blood clot, tissue, air bubble, or object that can become lodged in a vessel

22
Q

endocarditis

A

inflammation of the innermost lining of the heart or the valves; very serious

23
Q

ischemia

A

insufficient blood supply to an organ due to the obstruction of inflow of arterial blood

24
Q

myocarditis

A

inflammation of the myocardium

25
Q

pericarditis

A

inflammation of the pericardium

26
Q

arrythmia

A

a variation from the normal steady rhythm of the heart, irregular

27
Q

asystole

A

the weakening or cessation of systole, where the ventricles contract to pump blood out

28
Q

fibrillation

A

irregular contractions of heart muscle, quivering, unsynchronized heartbeats

29
Q

MI

A

myocardial infarction AKA a heart attack

30
Q

varicose veins

A

dilated veins, usually in the legs, where blood flow is not fully effective

31
Q

bradycardia

A

abnormally slow heartbeat

32
Q

heart murmur

A

an irregular heart sound, like a swishing, indicating an abnormality in the heart’s function or structure

33
Q

tachycardia

A

abnormally fast heartbeat

34
Q

angiography

A

the radiographic visualization of blood vessels after injection of a radiopaque substance

35
Q

ECHO

A

AKA echocardiography; the use of ultrasound to measure the structure and functioning of the heart to diagnose abnormalities and disease

36
Q

ECG/EKG

A

electrocardiogram; the output of an instrument used to measure the changes of electrical potential during heartbeats

37
Q

diuretic

A

a drug used to increase urine output to remove excess body fluid; used in the treatment of edema in the setting of CHF

38
Q

heparin

A

a medication used to slow the blood clotting process, used to reduce risk of stroke

39
Q

thrombolytic

A

an injection to dissolve a blood clot so that blood flow can be restored

40
Q

angioplasty

A

a procedure that reconstructs a blood vessel to restore blood flow

AHE 110 (10 decks)

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