M2 Part A Flashcards
cell
consists of nucleus, cytoplasm, enclosed by cell membrane; functional unit of a living organism
chromosomes
thread-like structures in cell nucleus that control growth, repair, and reproduction
epithelial tissue
a thin layer of cells that covers and protects the body’s internal and external surfaces
connective tissue
tissue that supports, protects, and gives structure to other tissues and organs in the body
muscle tissue
a soft tissue composed of cells that have the special ability to shorten or contract in order to produce movement of the body parts
nerve tissue
tissue that monitors and regulates the functions of the body
organ
a differentiated structure consisting of cells and tissues and performing some specific function
organ system
a group of organs that work together for a common purpose
integumentary system
the body’s outer layer, consisting of the skin, hair, nails, and associated glands and nerves; acts as a protective barrier and allows for sensory perception
musculoskeletal system
bones, muscles, joints, and connective tissues that support the body’s structure and allow for movement
cardiovascular system
pumps oxygenated blood throughout the body and delivers supplies to cells
gastrointestinal system
organs that break down food and liquids into nutrients and removes waste products from the body
respiratory system
enable breathing, responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide
genitourinary system
organs responsible for reproduction and urination
endocrine system
the glands and organs that make hormones and release them into the blood; responsible for growth, metabolism, and reproduction
nervous system
a complex network of nerves, includes the brain, brain stem, and spinal cord; responsible for controlling and coordinating body activities
lymphatic system
a network of tissues, vessels, and organs that helps the body fight infection and disease
abdominal cavity
space in the abdomen between the diaphragm and the pelvis containing many vital organs
diaphragm
a dome shaped organ made of muscle dividing the thoracic cavity and the abdominal cavity
thoracic cavity
space in the chest that contains the heart, lungs, and other organs; divided into three main parts
mediastinum
the part of the thoracic cavity containing the heart, trachea, esophagus, and other vital organs
palpate
to examine by touch
palpitate
to beat rapidly, irregularly, or forcibly
perionychium
AKA cuticle; the tissue bordering the sides of a fingernail or toenail
metabolism
building up and breaking down of substances to maintain the body
homeostasis
a steady, even state of balance in the body
